/******************************************************************************
 * $Id$
 *
 * Project:  CPL - Common Portability Library
 * Author:   Frank Warmerdam, warmerdam@pobox.com
 * Purpose:  Include file providing low level portability services for CPL.
 *           This should be the first include file for any CPL based code.
 *
 ******************************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 1998, 2005, Frank Warmerdam <warmerdam@pobox.com>
 * Copyright (c) 2008-2013, Even Rouault <even dot rouault at spatialys.com>
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
 * in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
 * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 ****************************************************************************/

#ifndef CPL_BASE_H_INCLUDED
#define CPL_BASE_H_INCLUDED

/**
 * \file cpl_port.h
 *
 * Core portability definitions for CPL.
 *
 */

/* ==================================================================== */
/*      We will use WIN32 as a standard windows define.                 */
/* ==================================================================== */
#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(WIN32)
#  define WIN32
#endif

#if defined(_WINDOWS) && !defined(WIN32)
#  define WIN32
#endif

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      The following apparently allow you to use strcpy() and other    */
/*      functions judged "unsafe" by microsoft in VS 8 (2005).          */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#  ifndef _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE
#    define _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE
#  endif
#  ifndef _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
#    define _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
#  endif
#endif

#include "cpl_config.h"

/* ==================================================================== */
/*      A few sanity checks, mainly to detect problems that sometimes   */
/*      arise with bad configured cross-compilation.                    */
/* ==================================================================== */

#if !defined(SIZEOF_INT) || SIZEOF_INT != 4
#error "Unexpected value for SIZEOF_INT"
#endif

#if !defined(SIZEOF_UNSIGNED_LONG) || (SIZEOF_UNSIGNED_LONG != 4 && SIZEOF_UNSIGNED_LONG != 8)
#error "Unexpected value for SIZEOF_UNSIGNED_LONG"
#endif

#if !defined(SIZEOF_VOIDP) || (SIZEOF_VOIDP != 4 && SIZEOF_VOIDP != 8)
#error "Unexpected value for SIZEOF_VOIDP"
#endif

/* ==================================================================== */
/*      This will disable most WIN32 stuff in a Cygnus build which      */
/*      defines unix to 1.                                              */
/* ==================================================================== */

#ifdef unix
#  undef WIN32
#endif

/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
#if defined(VSI_NEED_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE) && !defined(_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE)
#  define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
#endif

/* ==================================================================== */
/*      If iconv() is available use extended recoding module.           */
/*      Stub implementation is always compiled in, because it works     */
/*      faster than iconv() for encodings it supports.                  */
/* ==================================================================== */

#if defined(HAVE_ICONV)
#  define CPL_RECODE_ICONV
#endif

#define CPL_RECODE_STUB
/*! @endcond */

/* ==================================================================== */
/*      MinGW stuff                                                     */
/* ==================================================================== */

/* We need __MSVCRT_VERSION__ >= 0x0700 to have "_aligned_malloc" */
/* Latest versions of mingw32 define it, but with older ones, */
/* we need to define it manually */
#if defined(__MINGW32__)
#ifndef __MSVCRT_VERSION__
#define __MSVCRT_VERSION__ 0x0700
#endif
#endif

/* Needed for std=c11 on Solaris to have strcasecmp() */
#if defined(GDAL_COMPILATION) && defined(__sun__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ + 0) >= 201112L && (_XOPEN_SOURCE + 0) < 600
#ifdef _XOPEN_SOURCE
#undef _XOPEN_SOURCE
#endif
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600
#endif

/* ==================================================================== */
/*      Standard include files.                                         */
/* ==================================================================== */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <limits.h>

#include <time.h>

#include <errno.h>

#ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H
#  include <locale.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_DIRECT_H
#  include <direct.h>
#endif

#if !defined(WIN32)
#  include <strings.h>
#endif

/* ==================================================================== */
/*      Base portability stuff ... this stuff may need to be            */
/*      modified for new platforms.                                     */
/* ==================================================================== */

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Which versions of C++ are available.                            */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* MSVC fails to define a decent value of __cplusplus. Try to target VS2015*/
/* as a minimum */

#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CPL_SUPRESS_CPLUSPLUS)
#  if !(__cplusplus >= 201103L || (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1900))
#    error Must have C++11 or newer.
#  endif
#  if __cplusplus >= 201402L || (defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG >= 201402L)
#    define HAVE_CXX14 1
#  endif
#  if __cplusplus >= 201703L || (defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG >= 201703L)
#    define HAVE_CXX17 1
#  endif
#endif  /* __cplusplus */

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------
 *        types for 16 and 32 bits integers, etc...
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if UINT_MAX == 65535
typedef long            GInt32;
typedef unsigned long   GUInt32;
#else
/** Int32 type */
typedef int             GInt32;
/** Unsigned int32 type */
typedef unsigned int    GUInt32;
#endif

/** Int16 type */
typedef short           GInt16;
/** Unsigned int16 type */
typedef unsigned short  GUInt16;
/** Unsigned byte type */
typedef unsigned char   GByte;
/* hack for PDF driver and poppler >= 0.15.0 that defines incompatible "typedef bool GBool" */
/* in include/poppler/goo/gtypes.h */
#ifndef CPL_GBOOL_DEFINED
/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
#define CPL_GBOOL_DEFINED
/*! @endcond */
/** Type for boolean values (alias to int) */
typedef int             GBool;
#endif

/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
#ifdef __cplusplus
#define CPL_STATIC_CAST(type, expr) static_cast<type>(expr)
#define CPL_REINTERPRET_CAST(type, expr) reinterpret_cast<type>(expr)
#else
#define CPL_STATIC_CAST(type, expr) ((type)(expr))
#define CPL_REINTERPRET_CAST(type, expr) ((type)(expr))
#endif
/*! @endcond */

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      64bit support                                                   */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/** Large signed integer type (generally 64-bit integer type).
 *  Use GInt64 when exactly 64 bit is needed */
typedef long long        GIntBig;
/** Large unsigned integer type (generally 64-bit unsigned integer type).
 *  Use GUInt64 when exactly 64 bit is needed */
typedef unsigned long long GUIntBig;

/** Minimum GIntBig value */
#define GINTBIG_MIN     (CPL_STATIC_CAST(GIntBig, 0x80000000) << 32)
/** Maximum GIntBig value */
#define GINTBIG_MAX     ((CPL_STATIC_CAST(GIntBig, 0x7FFFFFFF) << 32) | 0xFFFFFFFFU)
/** Maximum GUIntBig value */
#define GUINTBIG_MAX    ((CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUIntBig, 0xFFFFFFFFU) << 32) | 0xFFFFFFFFU)

/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
#define CPL_HAS_GINT64 1
/*! @endcond */

/* Note: we might want to use instead int64_t / uint64_t if they are available */

/** Signed 64 bit integer type */
typedef GIntBig          GInt64;
/** Unsigned 64 bit integer type */
typedef GUIntBig         GUInt64;

/** Minimum GInt64 value */
#define GINT64_MIN      GINTBIG_MIN
/** Maximum GInt64 value */
#define GINT64_MAX      GINTBIG_MAX
/** Minimum GUInt64 value */
#define GUINT64_MAX     GUINTBIG_MAX


#if SIZEOF_VOIDP == 8
/** Integer type large enough to hold the difference between 2 addresses */
typedef GIntBig          GPtrDiff_t;
#else
/** Integer type large enough to hold the difference between 2 addresses */
typedef int              GPtrDiff_t;
#endif

#ifdef GDAL_COMPILATION
#include <stdint.h>
typedef uintptr_t GUIntptr_t;
#define CPL_IS_ALIGNED(ptr, quant) ((CPL_REINTERPRET_CAST(GUIntptr_t, CPL_STATIC_CAST(const void*, ptr)) % (quant)) == 0)

#endif

#if (defined(__MSVCRT__) && !(defined(__MINGW64__) && __GNUC__ >= 10)) || (defined(WIN32) && defined(_MSC_VER))
  #define CPL_FRMT_GB_WITHOUT_PREFIX     "I64"
#else
/** Printf formatting suffix for GIntBig */
  #define CPL_FRMT_GB_WITHOUT_PREFIX     "ll"
#endif

/** Printf formatting for GIntBig */
#define CPL_FRMT_GIB     "%" CPL_FRMT_GB_WITHOUT_PREFIX "d"
/** Printf formatting for GUIntBig */
#define CPL_FRMT_GUIB    "%" CPL_FRMT_GB_WITHOUT_PREFIX "u"

/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
#ifdef COMPAT_WITH_ICC_CONVERSION_CHECK
#define CPL_INT64_FITS_ON_INT32(x) ((x) >= INT_MIN && (x) <= INT_MAX)
#else
#define CPL_INT64_FITS_ON_INT32(x) (CPL_STATIC_CAST(GIntBig, CPL_STATIC_CAST(int, x)) == (x))
#endif
/*! @endcond */

/* ==================================================================== */
/*      Other standard services.                                        */
/* ==================================================================== */
#ifdef __cplusplus
/** Macro to start a block of C symbols */
#  define CPL_C_START           extern "C" {
/** Macro to end a block of C symbols */
#  define CPL_C_END             }
#else
#  define CPL_C_START
#  define CPL_C_END
#endif

#ifndef CPL_DLL
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(CPL_DISABLE_DLL)
#  ifdef GDAL_COMPILATION
#    define CPL_DLL __declspec(dllexport)
#  else
#    define CPL_DLL
#  endif
#  define CPL_INTERNAL
#else
#  if defined(USE_GCC_VISIBILITY_FLAG)
#    define CPL_DLL     __attribute__ ((visibility("default")))
#    if !defined(__MINGW32__)
#        define CPL_INTERNAL __attribute__((visibility("hidden")))
#    else
#        define CPL_INTERNAL
#    endif
#  else
#    define CPL_DLL
#    define CPL_INTERNAL
#  endif
#endif

// Marker for unstable API
#define CPL_UNSTABLE_API CPL_DLL

#endif

/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
/* Should optional (normally private) interfaces be exported? */
#ifdef CPL_OPTIONAL_APIS
#  define CPL_ODLL CPL_DLL
#else
#  define CPL_ODLL
#endif
/*! @endcond */

#ifndef CPL_STDCALL
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(CPL_DISABLE_STDCALL)
#  define CPL_STDCALL     __stdcall
#else
#  define CPL_STDCALL
#endif
#endif

/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#  define FORCE_CDECL  __cdecl
#else
#  define FORCE_CDECL
#endif
/*! @endcond */

/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
/* TODO : support for other compilers needed */
#if (defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__NO_INLINE__)) || defined(_MSC_VER)
#define HAS_CPL_INLINE  1
#define CPL_INLINE __inline
#elif defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
#define HAS_CPL_INLINE  1
#define CPL_INLINE inline
#else
#define CPL_INLINE
#endif
/*! @endcond*/

#ifndef MAX
/** Macro to compute the minimum of 2 values */
#  define MIN(a,b)      (((a)<(b)) ? (a) : (b))
/** Macro to compute the maximum of 2 values */
#  define MAX(a,b)      (((a)>(b)) ? (a) : (b))
#endif

#ifndef ABS
/** Macro to compute the absolute value */
#  define ABS(x)        (((x)<0) ? (-1*(x)) : (x))
#endif

#ifndef M_PI
/** PI definition */
# define M_PI 3.14159265358979323846
/* 3.1415926535897932384626433832795 */
#endif

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Macro to test equality of two floating point values.            */
/*      We use fabs() function instead of ABS() macro to avoid side     */
/*      effects.                                                        */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
#ifndef CPLIsEqual
#  define CPLIsEqual(x,y) (fabs((x) - (y)) < 0.0000000000001)
#endif
/*! @endcond */

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Provide macros for case insensitive string comparisons.         */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#ifndef EQUAL

#if defined(AFL_FRIENDLY) && defined(__GNUC__)

static inline int CPL_afl_friendly_memcmp(const void* ptr1, const void* ptr2, size_t len)
        __attribute__((always_inline));

static inline int CPL_afl_friendly_memcmp(const void* ptr1, const void* ptr2, size_t len)
{
    const unsigned char* bptr1 = (const unsigned char*)ptr1;
    const unsigned char* bptr2 = (const unsigned char*)ptr2;
    while( len-- )
    {
        unsigned char b1 = *(bptr1++);
        unsigned char b2 = *(bptr2++);
        if( b1 != b2 ) return b1 - b2;
    }
    return 0;
}

static inline int CPL_afl_friendly_strcmp(const char* ptr1, const char* ptr2)
        __attribute__((always_inline));

static inline int CPL_afl_friendly_strcmp(const char* ptr1, const char* ptr2)
{
    const unsigned char* usptr1 = (const unsigned char*)ptr1;
    const unsigned char* usptr2 = (const unsigned char*)ptr2;
    while( 1 )
    {
        unsigned char ch1 = *(usptr1++);
        unsigned char ch2 = *(usptr2++);
        if( ch1 == 0 || ch1 != ch2 ) return ch1 - ch2;
    }
}

static inline int CPL_afl_friendly_strncmp(const char* ptr1, const char* ptr2, size_t len)
        __attribute__((always_inline));

static inline int CPL_afl_friendly_strncmp(const char* ptr1, const char* ptr2, size_t len)
{
    const unsigned char* usptr1 = (const unsigned char*)ptr1;
    const unsigned char* usptr2 = (const unsigned char*)ptr2;
    while( len -- )
    {
        unsigned char ch1 = *(usptr1++);
        unsigned char ch2 = *(usptr2++);
        if( ch1 == 0 || ch1 != ch2 ) return ch1 - ch2;
    }
    return 0;
}

static inline int CPL_afl_friendly_strcasecmp(const char* ptr1, const char* ptr2)
        __attribute__((always_inline));

static inline int CPL_afl_friendly_strcasecmp(const char* ptr1, const char* ptr2)
{
    const unsigned char* usptr1 = (const unsigned char*)ptr1;
    const unsigned char* usptr2 = (const unsigned char*)ptr2;
    while( 1 )
    {
        unsigned char ch1 = *(usptr1++);
        unsigned char ch2 = *(usptr2++);
        ch1 = (unsigned char)toupper(ch1);
        ch2 = (unsigned char)toupper(ch2);
        if( ch1 == 0 || ch1 != ch2 ) return ch1 - ch2;
    }
}

static inline int CPL_afl_friendly_strncasecmp(const char* ptr1, const char* ptr2, size_t len)
        __attribute__((always_inline));

static inline int CPL_afl_friendly_strncasecmp(const char* ptr1, const char* ptr2, size_t len)
{
    const unsigned char* usptr1 = (const unsigned char*)ptr1;
    const unsigned char* usptr2 = (const unsigned char*)ptr2;
    while( len-- )
    {
        unsigned char ch1 = *(usptr1++);
        unsigned char ch2 = *(usptr2++);
        ch1 = (unsigned char)toupper(ch1);
        ch2 = (unsigned char)toupper(ch2);
        if( ch1 == 0 || ch1 != ch2 ) return ch1 - ch2;
    }
    return 0;
}

static inline char* CPL_afl_friendly_strstr(const char* haystack, const char* needle)
        __attribute__((always_inline));

static inline char* CPL_afl_friendly_strstr(const char* haystack, const char* needle)
{
    const char* ptr_haystack = haystack;
    while( 1 )
    {
        const char* ptr_haystack2 = ptr_haystack;
        const char* ptr_needle = needle;
        while( 1 )
        {
            char ch1 = *(ptr_haystack2++);
            char ch2 = *(ptr_needle++);
            if( ch2 == 0 )
                return (char*)ptr_haystack;
            if( ch1 != ch2 )
                break;
        }
        if( *ptr_haystack == 0 )
            return NULL;
        ptr_haystack ++;
    }
}

#undef strcmp
#undef strncmp
#define memcmp CPL_afl_friendly_memcmp
#define strcmp CPL_afl_friendly_strcmp
#define strncmp CPL_afl_friendly_strncmp
#define strcasecmp CPL_afl_friendly_strcasecmp
#define strncasecmp CPL_afl_friendly_strncasecmp
#define strstr CPL_afl_friendly_strstr

#endif /* defined(AFL_FRIENDLY) && defined(__GNUC__) */

#  if defined(WIN32)
#    define STRCASECMP(a,b)         (_stricmp(a,b))
#    define STRNCASECMP(a,b,n)      (_strnicmp(a,b,n))
#  else
/** Alias for strcasecmp() */
#    define STRCASECMP(a,b)         (strcasecmp(a,b))
/** Alias for strncasecmp() */
#    define STRNCASECMP(a,b,n)      (strncasecmp(a,b,n))
#  endif
/** Alias for strncasecmp() == 0 */
#  define EQUALN(a,b,n)           (STRNCASECMP(a,b,n)==0)
/** Alias for strcasecmp() == 0 */
#  define EQUAL(a,b)              (STRCASECMP(a,b)==0)
#endif

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Does a string "a" start with string "b".  Search is case-sensitive or,
 * with CI, it is a case-insensitive comparison.
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#ifndef STARTS_WITH_CI
/** Returns whether a starts with b */
#define STARTS_WITH(a,b)               (strncmp(a,b,strlen(b)) == 0)
/** Returns whether a starts with b (case insensitive comparison) */
#define STARTS_WITH_CI(a,b)            EQUALN(a,b,strlen(b))
#endif

/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
#ifndef CPL_THREADLOCAL
#  define CPL_THREADLOCAL
#endif
/*! @endcond */

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Handle isnan() and isinf().  Note that isinf() and isnan()      */
/*      are supposed to be macros according to C99, defined in math.h   */
/*      Some systems (i.e. Tru64) don't have isinf() at all, so if      */
/*      the macro is not defined we just assume nothing is infinite.    */
/*      This may mean we have no real CPLIsInf() on systems with isinf()*/
/*      function but no corresponding macro, but I can live with        */
/*      that since it isn't that important a test.                      */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#  include <float.h>
#  define CPLIsNan(x) _isnan(x)
#  define CPLIsInf(x) (!_isnan(x) && !_finite(x))
#  define CPLIsFinite(x) _finite(x)
#elif defined(__GNUC__) && ( __GNUC__ > 4 || ( __GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 4 ) )
/* When including <cmath> in C++11 the isnan() macro is undefined, so that */
/* std::isnan() can work (#6489). This is a GCC specific workaround for now. */
#  define CPLIsNan(x)    __builtin_isnan(x)
#  define CPLIsInf(x)    __builtin_isinf(x)
#  define CPLIsFinite(x) __builtin_isfinite(x)
#elif defined(__cplusplus) && defined(HAVE_STD_IS_NAN) && HAVE_STD_IS_NAN
extern "C++" {
#ifndef DOXYGEN_SKIP
#include <cmath>
#endif
static inline int CPLIsNan(float f) { return std::isnan(f); }
static inline int CPLIsNan(double f) { return std::isnan(f); }
static inline int CPLIsInf(float f) { return std::isinf(f); }
static inline int CPLIsInf(double f) { return std::isinf(f); }
static inline int CPLIsFinite(float f) { return std::isfinite(f); }
static inline int CPLIsFinite(double f) { return std::isfinite(f); }
}
#else
/** Return whether a floating-pointer number is NaN */
#if defined(__cplusplus) && defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__linux) && !defined(__ANDROID__) && !defined(CPL_SUPRESS_CPLUSPLUS)
/* so to not get warning about conversion from double to float with */
/* gcc -Wfloat-conversion when using isnan()/isinf() macros */
extern "C++" {
static inline int CPLIsNan(float f) { return __isnanf(f); }
static inline int CPLIsNan(double f) { return __isnan(f); }
static inline int CPLIsInf(float f) { return __isinff(f); }
static inline int CPLIsInf(double f) { return __isinf(f); }
static inline int CPLIsFinite(float f) { return !__isnanf(f) && !__isinff(f); }
static inline int CPLIsFinite(double f) { return !__isnan(f) && !__isinf(f); }
}
#else
#  define CPLIsNan(x) isnan(x)
#  if defined(isinf) || defined(__FreeBSD__)
/** Return whether a floating-pointer number is +/- infinity */
#    define CPLIsInf(x) isinf(x)
/** Return whether a floating-pointer number is finite */
#    define CPLIsFinite(x) (!isnan(x) && !isinf(x))
#  elif defined(__sun__)
#    include <ieeefp.h>
#    define CPLIsInf(x)    (!finite(x) && !isnan(x))
#    define CPLIsFinite(x) finite(x)
#  else
#    define CPLIsInf(x)    (0)
#    define CPLIsFinite(x) (!isnan(x))
#  endif
#endif
#endif

/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------
 *                         CPL_LSB and CPL_MSB
 * Only one of these 2 macros should be defined and specifies the byte
 * ordering for the current platform.
 * This should be defined in the Makefile, but if it is not then
 * the default is CPL_LSB (Intel ordering, LSB first).
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if defined(WORDS_BIGENDIAN) && !defined(CPL_MSB) && !defined(CPL_LSB)
#  define CPL_MSB
#endif

#if ! ( defined(CPL_LSB) || defined(CPL_MSB) )
#define CPL_LSB
#endif

#if defined(CPL_LSB)
#  define CPL_IS_LSB 1
#else
#  define CPL_IS_LSB 0
#endif
/*! @endcond */

#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CPL_SUPRESS_CPLUSPLUS)

/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
extern "C++" {

template <bool b> struct CPLStaticAssert {};
template<> struct CPLStaticAssert<true>
{
    static void my_function() {}
};

} /* extern "C++" */

#define CPL_STATIC_ASSERT(x) CPLStaticAssert<x>::my_function()
#define CPL_STATIC_ASSERT_IF_AVAILABLE(x) CPL_STATIC_ASSERT(x)

#else  /* __cplusplus */

#define CPL_STATIC_ASSERT_IF_AVAILABLE(x)

#endif  /* __cplusplus */
/*! @endcond */

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------
 *        Little endian <==> big endian byte swap macros.
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/** Byte-swap a 16bit unsigned integer */
#define CPL_SWAP16(x) CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt16, (CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt16, x) << 8) | (CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt16, x) >> 8) )

#if defined(HAVE_GCC_BSWAP)
/** Byte-swap a 32bit unsigned integer */
#define CPL_SWAP32(x) CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt32, __builtin_bswap32(CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt32, x)))
/** Byte-swap a 64bit unsigned integer */
#define CPL_SWAP64(x) CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt64, __builtin_bswap64(CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt64, x)))
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
#define CPL_SWAP32(x) CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt32, _byteswap_ulong(CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt32, x)))
#define CPL_SWAP64(x) CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt64, _byteswap_uint64(CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt64, x)))
#else
/** Byte-swap a 32bit unsigned integer */
#define CPL_SWAP32(x) \
        CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt32, \
            ((CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt32, x) & 0x000000ffU) << 24) | \
            ((CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt32, x) & 0x0000ff00U) <<  8) | \
            ((CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt32, x) & 0x00ff0000U) >>  8) | \
            ((CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt32, x) & 0xff000000U) >> 24) )

/** Byte-swap a 64bit unsigned integer */
#define CPL_SWAP64(x) \
            ((CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt64, CPL_SWAP32(CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt32, x))) << 32) | \
             (CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt64, CPL_SWAP32(CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt32, CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt64, x) >> 32)))))

#endif

/** Byte-swap a 16 bit pointer */
#define CPL_SWAP16PTR(x) \
do {                                                                        \
    GUInt16 _n16;                                                           \
    void* _lx = x;                                                          \
    memcpy(&_n16, _lx, 2);                                                  \
    CPL_STATIC_ASSERT_IF_AVAILABLE(sizeof(*(x)) == 1 || sizeof(*(x)) == 2); \
    _n16 = CPL_SWAP16(_n16);                                                \
    memcpy(_lx, &_n16, 2);                                                  \
} while(0)

/** Byte-swap a 32 bit pointer */
#define CPL_SWAP32PTR(x) \
do {                                                                        \
    GUInt32 _n32;                                                           \
    void* _lx = x;                                                          \
    memcpy(&_n32, _lx, 4);                                                  \
    CPL_STATIC_ASSERT_IF_AVAILABLE(sizeof(*(x)) == 1 || sizeof(*(x)) == 4); \
    _n32 = CPL_SWAP32(_n32);                                                \
    memcpy(_lx, &_n32, 4);                                                  \
} while(0)

/** Byte-swap a 64 bit pointer */
#define CPL_SWAP64PTR(x) \
do {                                                                        \
    GUInt64 _n64;                                                           \
    void* _lx = x;                                                          \
    memcpy(&_n64, _lx, 8);                                                    \
    CPL_STATIC_ASSERT_IF_AVAILABLE(sizeof(*(x)) == 1 || sizeof(*(x)) == 8); \
    _n64 = CPL_SWAP64(_n64);                                                \
    memcpy(_lx, &_n64, 8);                                                    \
} while(0)

/** Byte-swap a 64 bit pointer */
#define CPL_SWAPDOUBLE(p) CPL_SWAP64PTR(p)

#ifdef CPL_MSB
#  define CPL_MSBWORD16(x)      (x)
#  define CPL_LSBWORD16(x)      CPL_SWAP16(x)
#  define CPL_MSBWORD32(x)      (x)
#  define CPL_LSBWORD32(x)      CPL_SWAP32(x)
#  define CPL_MSBPTR16(x)       CPL_STATIC_ASSERT_IF_AVAILABLE(sizeof(*(x)) == 1 || sizeof(*(x)) == 2)
#  define CPL_LSBPTR16(x)       CPL_SWAP16PTR(x)
#  define CPL_MSBPTR32(x)       CPL_STATIC_ASSERT_IF_AVAILABLE(sizeof(*(x)) == 1 || sizeof(*(x)) == 4)
#  define CPL_LSBPTR32(x)       CPL_SWAP32PTR(x)
#  define CPL_MSBPTR64(x)       CPL_STATIC_ASSERT_IF_AVAILABLE(sizeof(*(x)) == 1 || sizeof(*(x)) == 8)
#  define CPL_LSBPTR64(x)       CPL_SWAP64PTR(x)
#else
/** Return a 16bit word from a originally LSB ordered word */
#  define CPL_LSBWORD16(x)      (x)
/** Return a 16bit word from a originally MSB ordered word */
#  define CPL_MSBWORD16(x)      CPL_SWAP16(x)
/** Return a 32bit word from a originally LSB ordered word */
#  define CPL_LSBWORD32(x)      (x)
/** Return a 32bit word from a originally MSB ordered word */
#  define CPL_MSBWORD32(x)      CPL_SWAP32(x)
/** Byte-swap if necessary a 16bit word at the location pointed from a originally LSB ordered pointer */
#  define CPL_LSBPTR16(x)       CPL_STATIC_ASSERT_IF_AVAILABLE(sizeof(*(x)) == 1 || sizeof(*(x)) == 2)
/** Byte-swap if necessary a 16bit word at the location pointed from a originally MSB ordered pointer */
#  define CPL_MSBPTR16(x)       CPL_SWAP16PTR(x)
/** Byte-swap if necessary a 32bit word at the location pointed from a originally LSB ordered pointer */
#  define CPL_LSBPTR32(x)       CPL_STATIC_ASSERT_IF_AVAILABLE(sizeof(*(x)) == 1 || sizeof(*(x)) == 4)
/** Byte-swap if necessary a 32bit word at the location pointed from a originally MSB ordered pointer */
#  define CPL_MSBPTR32(x)       CPL_SWAP32PTR(x)
/** Byte-swap if necessary a 64bit word at the location pointed from a originally LSB ordered pointer */
#  define CPL_LSBPTR64(x)       CPL_STATIC_ASSERT_IF_AVAILABLE(sizeof(*(x)) == 1 || sizeof(*(x)) == 8)
/** Byte-swap if necessary a 64bit word at the location pointed from a originally MSB ordered pointer */
#  define CPL_MSBPTR64(x)       CPL_SWAP64PTR(x)
#endif

/** Return a Int16 from the 2 bytes ordered in LSB order at address x.
 * @deprecated Use rather CPL_LSBSINT16PTR or CPL_LSBUINT16PTR for explicit
 * signedness. */
#define CPL_LSBINT16PTR(x)    ((*CPL_REINTERPRET_CAST(const GByte*, x)) | (*((CPL_REINTERPRET_CAST(const GByte*, x))+1) << 8))

/** Return a Int32 from the 4 bytes ordered in LSB order at address x.
 * @deprecated Use rather CPL_LSBSINT32PTR or CPL_LSBUINT32PTR for explicit
 * signedness. */
#define CPL_LSBINT32PTR(x)    ((*CPL_REINTERPRET_CAST(const GByte*, x)) | (*((CPL_REINTERPRET_CAST(const GByte*, x))+1) << 8) | \
                              (*((CPL_REINTERPRET_CAST(const GByte*, x))+2) << 16) | (*((CPL_REINTERPRET_CAST(const GByte*, x))+3) << 24))

/** Return a signed Int16 from the 2 bytes ordered in LSB order at address x */
#define CPL_LSBSINT16PTR(x) CPL_STATIC_CAST(GInt16,CPL_LSBINT16PTR(x))

/** Return a unsigned Int16 from the 2 bytes ordered in LSB order at address x */
#define CPL_LSBUINT16PTR(x) CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt16, CPL_LSBINT16PTR(x))

/** Return a signed Int32 from the 4 bytes ordered in LSB order at address x */
#define CPL_LSBSINT32PTR(x) CPL_STATIC_CAST(GInt32, CPL_LSBINT32PTR(x))

/** Return a unsigned Int32 from the 4 bytes ordered in LSB order at address x */
#define CPL_LSBUINT32PTR(x) CPL_STATIC_CAST(GUInt32, CPL_LSBINT32PTR(x))

/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
/* Utility macro to explicitly mark intentionally unreferenced parameters. */
#ifndef UNREFERENCED_PARAM
#  ifdef UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER /* May be defined by Windows API */
#    define UNREFERENCED_PARAM(param) UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(param)
#  else
#    define UNREFERENCED_PARAM(param) ((void)param)
#  endif /* UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER */
#endif /* UNREFERENCED_PARAM */
/*! @endcond */

/***********************************************************************
 * Define CPL_CVSID() macro.  It can be disabled during a build by
 * defining DISABLE_CVSID in the compiler options.
 *
 * The cvsid_aw() function is just there to prevent reports of cpl_cvsid()
 * being unused.
 */

/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
#ifndef DISABLE_CVSID
#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 4
#  define CPL_CVSID(string)     static const char cpl_cvsid[] __attribute__((used)) = string;
#else
#  define CPL_CVSID(string)     static const char cpl_cvsid[] = string; \
static const char *cvsid_aw() { return( cvsid_aw() ? NULL : cpl_cvsid ); }
#endif
#else
#  define CPL_CVSID(string)
#endif
/*! @endcond */

/* We exclude mingw64 4.6 which seems to be broken regarding this */
#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 4 && !defined(DOXYGEN_SKIP) && !(defined(__MINGW64__) && __GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ == 6)
/** Null terminated variadic */
#   define CPL_NULL_TERMINATED     __attribute__((__sentinel__))
#else
/** Null terminated variadic */
#   define CPL_NULL_TERMINATED
#endif

#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 3 && !defined(DOXYGEN_SKIP)
/** Tag a function to have printf() formatting */
#define CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT( format_idx, arg_idx )  __attribute__((__format__ (__printf__, format_idx, arg_idx)))
/** Tag a function to have scanf() formatting */
#define CPL_SCAN_FUNC_FORMAT( format_idx, arg_idx )  __attribute__((__format__ (__scanf__, format_idx, arg_idx)))
#else
/** Tag a function to have printf() formatting */
#define CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT( format_idx, arg_idx )
/** Tag a function to have scanf() formatting */
#define CPL_SCAN_FUNC_FORMAT( format_idx, arg_idx )
#endif

#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (defined(GDAL_COMPILATION) || defined(CPL_ENABLE_MSVC_ANNOTATIONS))
#include <sal.h>
/** Macro into which to wrap the format argument of a printf-like function.
 * Only used if ANALYZE=1 is specified to nmake */
#  define CPL_FORMAT_STRING(arg) _Printf_format_string_ arg
/** Macro into which to wrap the format argument of a sscanf-like function.
 * Only used if ANALYZE=1 is specified to nmake */
#  define CPL_SCANF_FORMAT_STRING(arg) _Scanf_format_string_ arg
#else
/** Macro into which to wrap the format argument of a printf-like function */
# define CPL_FORMAT_STRING(arg) arg
/** Macro into which to wrap the format argument of a sscanf-like function. */
# define CPL_SCANF_FORMAT_STRING(arg) arg
#endif /* defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(GDAL_COMPILATION) */

#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 4 && !defined(DOXYGEN_SKIP)
/** Qualifier to warn when the return value of a function is not used */
#define CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT                        __attribute__((warn_unused_result))
#else
/** Qualifier to warn when the return value of a function is not used */
#define CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
#endif

#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 4
/** Qualifier for an argument that is unused */
#  define CPL_UNUSED __attribute((__unused__))
#else
/* TODO: add cases for other compilers */
/** Qualifier for an argument that is unused */
#  define CPL_UNUSED
#endif

#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 3 && !defined(DOXYGEN_SKIP)
/** Qualifier for a function that does not return at all (terminates the process) */
#define CPL_NO_RETURN                                __attribute__((noreturn))
#else
/** Qualifier for a function that does not return at all (terminates the process) */
#define CPL_NO_RETURN
#endif

/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
/* Clang __has_attribute */
#ifndef __has_attribute
  #define __has_attribute(x) 0  // Compatibility with non-clang compilers.
#endif

/*! @endcond */

#if ((defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 5 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 9))) || __has_attribute(returns_nonnull)) && !defined(DOXYGEN_SKIP) && !defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
/** Qualifier for a function that does not return NULL */
#  define CPL_RETURNS_NONNULL __attribute__((returns_nonnull))
#else
/** Qualifier for a function that does not return NULL */
#  define CPL_RETURNS_NONNULL
#endif

#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 4 && !defined(DOXYGEN_SKIP)
/** restrict keyword to declare that pointers do not alias */
#define CPL_RESTRICT __restrict__
#else
/** restrict keyword to declare that pointers do not alias */
#define CPL_RESTRICT
#endif

#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CPL_SUPRESS_CPLUSPLUS)

/** To be used in public headers only. For non-public headers or .cpp files,
 * use override directly. */
#  define CPL_OVERRIDE override

/** C++11 final qualifier */
#  define CPL_FINAL final

/** Mark that a class is explicitly recognized as non-final */
#  define CPL_NON_FINAL

/** Helper to remove the copy and assignment constructors so that the compiler
   will not generate the default versions.

   Must be placed in the private section of a class and should be at the end.
*/
#  define CPL_DISALLOW_COPY_ASSIGN(ClassName) \
    ClassName( const ClassName & ) = delete; \
    ClassName &operator=( const ClassName & ) = delete;

#endif /* __cplusplus */

#if !defined(DOXYGEN_SKIP) && !defined(CPL_WARN_DEPRECATED)
#if defined(__has_extension)
  #if __has_extension(attribute_deprecated_with_message)
    /* Clang extension */
    #define CPL_WARN_DEPRECATED(x)                       __attribute__ ((deprecated(x)))
  #else
    #define CPL_WARN_DEPRECATED(x)
  #endif
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
    #define CPL_WARN_DEPRECATED(x)                       __attribute__ ((deprecated))
#else
  #define CPL_WARN_DEPRECATED(x)
#endif
#endif

#if !defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(_FORTIFY_SOURCE)
CPL_C_START
#  if defined(GDAL_COMPILATION) && defined(WARN_STANDARD_PRINTF)
int vsnprintf(char *str, size_t size, const char* fmt, va_list args)
    CPL_WARN_DEPRECATED("Use CPLvsnprintf() instead");
int snprintf(char *str, size_t size, const char* fmt, ...)
    CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(3,4)
    CPL_WARN_DEPRECATED("Use CPLsnprintf() instead");
int sprintf(char *str, const char* fmt, ...)
    CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(2, 3)
    CPL_WARN_DEPRECATED("Use CPLsnprintf() instead");
#  elif defined(GDAL_COMPILATION) && !defined(DONT_DEPRECATE_SPRINTF)
int sprintf(char *str, const char* fmt, ...)
    CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(2, 3)
    CPL_WARN_DEPRECATED("Use snprintf() or CPLsnprintf() instead");
#  endif /* defined(GDAL_COMPILATION) && defined(WARN_STANDARD_PRINTF) */
CPL_C_END
#endif /* !defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__APPLE__) */

#if defined(MAKE_SANITIZE_HAPPY) || !(defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_IX86) || defined(_M_X64))
/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
#define CPL_CPU_REQUIRES_ALIGNED_ACCESS
/*! @endcond */
#endif

#if defined(__cplusplus)
#ifndef CPPCHECK
/** Returns the size of C style arrays. */
#define CPL_ARRAYSIZE(array) \
  ((sizeof(array) / sizeof(*(array))) / \
  static_cast<size_t>(!(sizeof(array) % sizeof(*(array)))))
#else
/* simplified version for cppcheck */
#define CPL_ARRAYSIZE(array) (sizeof(array) / sizeof(array[0]))
#endif

extern "C++" {
template<class T> static void CPL_IGNORE_RET_VAL(const T&) {}
inline static bool CPL_TO_BOOL(int x) { return x != 0; }
} /* extern "C++" */

#endif  /* __cplusplus */

#if (((__GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 6)) || (defined(__clang__) && __clang_major__ >= 3)) && !defined(_MSC_VER))
#define HAVE_GCC_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH
#endif

#if ((__GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 2)) && !defined(_MSC_VER))
#define HAVE_GCC_SYSTEM_HEADER
#endif

#if ((defined(__clang__) && (__clang_major__ > 3 || (__clang_major__ == 3 && __clang_minor__ >=7))) || __GNUC__ >= 7)
/** Macro for fallthrough in a switch case construct */
#  define CPL_FALLTHROUGH [[clang::fallthrough]];
#else
/** Macro for fallthrough in a switch case construct */
#  define CPL_FALLTHROUGH
#endif

/*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */

#ifndef FALSE
#  define FALSE 0
#endif

#ifndef TRUE
#  define TRUE 1
#endif

#if __clang_major__ >= 4 || (__clang_major__ == 3 && __clang_minor__ >= 8)
#define CPL_NOSANITIZE_UNSIGNED_INT_OVERFLOW __attribute__((no_sanitize("unsigned-integer-overflow")))
#else
#define CPL_NOSANITIZE_UNSIGNED_INT_OVERFLOW
#endif

#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CPL_SUPRESS_CPLUSPLUS) && defined(GDAL_COMPILATION)
extern "C++" {
template<class C, class A, class B>
CPL_NOSANITIZE_UNSIGNED_INT_OVERFLOW
inline C CPLUnsanitizedAdd(A a, B b)
{
    return a + b;
}
}
#endif

#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CPL_SUPRESS_CPLUSPLUS)
#define CPL_NULLPTR nullptr
#else
#define CPL_NULLPTR NULL
#endif
/*! @endcond */

/* This typedef is for C functions that take char** as argument, but */
/* with the semantics of a const list. In C, char** is not implicitly cast to */
/* const char* const*, contrary to C++. So when seen for C++, it is OK */
/* to expose the prototypes as const char* const*, but for C we keep the */
/* historical definition to avoid warnings. */
#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CPL_SUPRESS_CPLUSPLUS) && !defined(DOXYGEN_SKIP)
/** Type of a constant null-terminated list of nul terminated strings.
 * Seen as char** from C and const char* const* from C++ */
typedef const char* const* CSLConstList;
#else
/** Type of a constant null-terminated list of nul terminated strings.
 * Seen as char** from C and const char* const* from C++ */
typedef char** CSLConstList;
#endif

#endif /* ndef CPL_BASE_H_INCLUDED */
