/******************************************************************************
 *
 * Project:  GView
 * Purpose:  Implementation of Atlantis MFF Support
 * Author:   Frank Warmerdam, warmerda@home.com
 *
 ******************************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 2000, Frank Warmerdam
 * Copyright (c) 2008-2012, Even Rouault <even dot rouault at spatialys.com>
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
 * in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
 * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 ****************************************************************************/

#include "atlsci_spheroid.h"
#include "cpl_string.h"
#include "gdal_frmts.h"
#include "ogr_spatialref.h"
#include "rawdataset.h"

#include <cctype>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>

CPL_CVSID("$Id: mffdataset.cpp fa752ad6eabafaf630a704e1892a9d837d683cb3 2021-03-06 17:04:38 +0100 Even Rouault $")

enum {
  MFFPRJ_NONE,
  MFFPRJ_LL,
  MFFPRJ_UTM,
  MFFPRJ_UNRECOGNIZED
};

static int GetMFFProjectionType(const char * pszNewProjection);

/************************************************************************/
/* ==================================================================== */
/*                              MFFDataset                              */
/* ==================================================================== */
/************************************************************************/

class MFFDataset final : public RawDataset
{
    int         nGCPCount;
    GDAL_GCP    *pasGCPList;

    char *pszProjection;
    char *pszGCPProjection;
    double adfGeoTransform[6];
    char**      m_papszFileList;

    void        ScanForGCPs();
    void        ScanForProjectionInfo();

    CPL_DISALLOW_COPY_ASSIGN(MFFDataset)

  public:
    MFFDataset();
    ~MFFDataset() override;

    char        **papszHdrLines;

    VSILFILE        **pafpBandFiles;

    char** GetFileList() override;

    int GetGCPCount() override;
    const char *_GetGCPProjection() override;
    const OGRSpatialReference* GetGCPSpatialRef() const override {
        return GetGCPSpatialRefFromOldGetGCPProjection();
    }
    const GDAL_GCP *GetGCPs() override;

    const char *_GetProjectionRef() override;
    const OGRSpatialReference* GetSpatialRef() const override {
        return GetSpatialRefFromOldGetProjectionRef();
    }
    CPLErr GetGeoTransform( double * ) override;

    static GDALDataset *Open( GDALOpenInfo * );
    static GDALDataset *Create( const char * pszFilename,
                                int nXSize, int nYSize, int nBands,
                                GDALDataType eType, char ** papszParamList );
    static GDALDataset *CreateCopy( const char * pszFilename,
                                    GDALDataset *poSrcDS,
                                    int bStrict, char ** papszOptions,
                                    GDALProgressFunc pfnProgress,
                                    void * pProgressData );
};

/************************************************************************/
/* ==================================================================== */
/*                            MFFTiledBand                              */
/* ==================================================================== */
/************************************************************************/

class MFFTiledBand final: public GDALRasterBand
{
    friend class MFFDataset;

    VSILFILE      *fpRaw;
    bool           bNative;

    CPL_DISALLOW_COPY_ASSIGN(MFFTiledBand)

  public:
    MFFTiledBand( MFFDataset *, int, VSILFILE *, int, int,
                  GDALDataType, int );
    ~MFFTiledBand() override;

    CPLErr IReadBlock( int, int, void * ) override;
};

/************************************************************************/
/*                            MFFTiledBand()                            */
/************************************************************************/

MFFTiledBand::MFFTiledBand( MFFDataset *poDSIn, int nBandIn, VSILFILE *fp,
                            int nTileXSize, int nTileYSize,
                            GDALDataType eDataTypeIn, int bNativeIn ) :
    fpRaw(fp),
    bNative(CPL_TO_BOOL(bNativeIn))
{
    poDS = poDSIn;
    nBand = nBandIn;

    eDataType = eDataTypeIn;

    nBlockXSize = nTileXSize;
    nBlockYSize = nTileYSize;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           ~MFFTiledBand()                            */
/************************************************************************/

MFFTiledBand::~MFFTiledBand()

{
    if( VSIFCloseL( fpRaw ) != 0 )
    {
        CPLError( CE_Failure, CPLE_FileIO, "I/O error" );
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             IReadBlock()                             */
/************************************************************************/

CPLErr MFFTiledBand::IReadBlock( int nBlockXOff, int nBlockYOff,
                                 void * pImage )

{
    const int nTilesPerRow = (nRasterXSize + nBlockXSize - 1) / nBlockXSize;
    const int nWordSize = GDALGetDataTypeSize( eDataType ) / 8;
    const int nBlockSize = nWordSize * nBlockXSize * nBlockYSize;

    const vsi_l_offset nOffset = nBlockSize * (nBlockXOff +
                        static_cast<vsi_l_offset>(nBlockYOff)*nTilesPerRow);

    if( VSIFSeekL( fpRaw, nOffset, SEEK_SET ) == -1
        || VSIFReadL( pImage, 1, nBlockSize, fpRaw ) < 1 )
    {
        CPLError( CE_Failure, CPLE_FileIO,
                  "Read of tile %d/%d failed with fseek or fread error.",
                  nBlockXOff, nBlockYOff );
        return CE_Failure;
    }

    if( !bNative && nWordSize > 1 )
    {
        if( GDALDataTypeIsComplex( eDataType ) )
        {
            GDALSwapWords( pImage, nWordSize/2, nBlockXSize*nBlockYSize,
                           nWordSize );
            GDALSwapWords( reinterpret_cast<GByte *>( pImage ) + nWordSize / 2,
                           nWordSize/2, nBlockXSize*nBlockYSize, nWordSize );
        }
        else
            GDALSwapWords( pImage, nWordSize,
                           nBlockXSize * nBlockYSize, nWordSize );
    }

    return CE_None;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                      MFF Spheroids                                   */
/************************************************************************/

class MFFSpheroidList : public SpheroidList
{
public:
  MFFSpheroidList();
  ~MFFSpheroidList() {}
};

MFFSpheroidList :: MFFSpheroidList()
{
  num_spheroids = 18;

  epsilonR = 0.1;
  epsilonI = 0.000001;

  spheroids[0].SetValuesByRadii("SPHERE",6371007.0,6371007.0);
  spheroids[1].SetValuesByRadii("EVEREST",6377304.0,6356103.0);
  spheroids[2].SetValuesByRadii("BESSEL",6377397.0,6356082.0);
  spheroids[3].SetValuesByRadii("AIRY",6377563.0,6356300.0);
  spheroids[4].SetValuesByRadii("CLARKE_1858",6378294.0,6356621.0);
  spheroids[5].SetValuesByRadii("CLARKE_1866",6378206.4,6356583.8);
  spheroids[6].SetValuesByRadii("CLARKE_1880",6378249.0,6356517.0);
  spheroids[7].SetValuesByRadii("HAYFORD",6378388.0,6356915.0);
  spheroids[8].SetValuesByRadii("KRASOVSKI",6378245.0,6356863.0);
  spheroids[9].SetValuesByRadii("HOUGH",6378270.0,6356794.0);
  spheroids[10].SetValuesByRadii("FISHER_60",6378166.0,6356784.0);
  spheroids[11].SetValuesByRadii("KAULA",6378165.0,6356345.0);
  spheroids[12].SetValuesByRadii("IUGG_67",6378160.0,6356775.0);
  spheroids[13].SetValuesByRadii("FISHER_68",6378150.0,6356330.0);
  spheroids[14].SetValuesByRadii("WGS_72",6378135.0,6356751.0);
  spheroids[15].SetValuesByRadii("IUGG_75",6378140.0,6356755.0);
  spheroids[16].SetValuesByRadii("WGS_84",6378137.0,6356752.0);
  spheroids[17].SetValuesByRadii("HUGHES",6378273.0,6356889.4);
}

/************************************************************************/
/* ==================================================================== */
/*                              MFFDataset                              */
/* ==================================================================== */
/************************************************************************/

/************************************************************************/
/*                            MFFDataset()                             */
/************************************************************************/

MFFDataset::MFFDataset() :
    nGCPCount(0),
    pasGCPList(nullptr),
    pszProjection(CPLStrdup("")),
    pszGCPProjection(CPLStrdup("")),
    m_papszFileList(nullptr),
    papszHdrLines(nullptr),
    pafpBandFiles(nullptr)
{
    adfGeoTransform[0] = 0.0;
    adfGeoTransform[1] = 1.0;
    adfGeoTransform[2] = 0.0;
    adfGeoTransform[3] = 0.0;
    adfGeoTransform[4] = 0.0;
    adfGeoTransform[5] = 1.0;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            ~MFFDataset()                            */
/************************************************************************/

MFFDataset::~MFFDataset()

{
    FlushCache();
    CSLDestroy( papszHdrLines );
    if( pafpBandFiles != nullptr )
    {
        for( int i = 0; i < GetRasterCount(); i++ )
        {
            if( pafpBandFiles[i] != nullptr )
            {
                if( VSIFCloseL( pafpBandFiles[i] ) != 0 )
                {
                    CPLError( CE_Failure, CPLE_FileIO, "I/O error" );
                }
            }
        }
        CPLFree( pafpBandFiles );
    }

    if( nGCPCount > 0 )
    {
        GDALDeinitGCPs( nGCPCount, pasGCPList );
    }
    CPLFree( pasGCPList );
    CPLFree( pszProjection );
    CPLFree( pszGCPProjection );
    CSLDestroy( m_papszFileList );
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            GetFileList()                             */
/************************************************************************/

char** MFFDataset::GetFileList()
{
    char** papszFileList = RawDataset::GetFileList();
    papszFileList = CSLInsertStrings(papszFileList, -1, m_papszFileList);
    return papszFileList;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            GetGCPCount()                             */
/************************************************************************/

int MFFDataset::GetGCPCount()

{
    return nGCPCount;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          GetGCPProjection()                          */
/************************************************************************/

const char *MFFDataset::_GetGCPProjection()

{
    if( nGCPCount > 0 )
        return pszGCPProjection;

    return "";
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          GetProjectionRef()                          */
/************************************************************************/

const char *MFFDataset::_GetProjectionRef()

{
   return pszProjection;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          GetGeoTransform()                           */
/************************************************************************/

CPLErr MFFDataset::GetGeoTransform( double * padfTransform )

{
    memcpy( padfTransform,  adfGeoTransform, sizeof(double) * 6 );
    return CE_None;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                               GetGCP()                               */
/************************************************************************/

const GDAL_GCP *MFFDataset::GetGCPs()

{
    return pasGCPList;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            ScanForGCPs()                             */
/************************************************************************/

void MFFDataset::ScanForGCPs()

{
    int NUM_GCPS = 0;

    if( CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, "NUM_GCPS") != nullptr )
        NUM_GCPS = atoi(CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, "NUM_GCPS"));
    if (NUM_GCPS < 0)
        return;

    nGCPCount = 0;
    pasGCPList = static_cast<GDAL_GCP *>(
        VSICalloc( sizeof(GDAL_GCP) , 5 + NUM_GCPS ) );
    if (pasGCPList == nullptr)
        return;

    for( int nCorner = 0; nCorner < 5; nCorner++ )
    {
        const char * pszBase=nullptr;
        double dfRasterX = 0.0;
        double dfRasterY = 0.0;

        if( nCorner == 0 )
        {
            dfRasterX = 0.5;
            dfRasterY = 0.5;
            pszBase = "TOP_LEFT_CORNER";
        }
        else if( nCorner == 1 )
        {
            dfRasterX = GetRasterXSize()-0.5;
            dfRasterY = 0.5;
            pszBase = "TOP_RIGHT_CORNER";
        }
        else if( nCorner == 2 )
        {
            dfRasterX = GetRasterXSize()-0.5;
            dfRasterY = GetRasterYSize()-0.5;
            pszBase = "BOTTOM_RIGHT_CORNER";
        }
        else if( nCorner == 3 )
        {
            dfRasterX = 0.5;
            dfRasterY = GetRasterYSize()-0.5;
            pszBase = "BOTTOM_LEFT_CORNER";
        }
        else /* if( nCorner == 4 ) */
        {
            dfRasterX = GetRasterXSize()/2.0;
            dfRasterY = GetRasterYSize()/2.0;
            pszBase = "CENTRE";
        }

        char szLatName[40] = { '\0' };
        char szLongName[40] = { '\0' };
        snprintf( szLatName, sizeof(szLatName), "%s_LATITUDE", pszBase );
        snprintf( szLongName, sizeof(szLongName), "%s_LONGITUDE", pszBase );

        if( CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, szLatName) != nullptr
            && CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, szLongName) != nullptr )
        {
            GDALInitGCPs( 1, pasGCPList + nGCPCount );

            CPLFree( pasGCPList[nGCPCount].pszId );

            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].pszId = CPLStrdup( pszBase );

            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPX =
                CPLAtof(CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, szLongName));
            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPY =
                CPLAtof(CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, szLatName));
            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPZ = 0.0;

            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPPixel = dfRasterX;
            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPLine = dfRasterY;

            nGCPCount++;
        }
    }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Collect standalone GCPs.  They look like:                       */
/*                                                                      */
/*      GCPn = row, col, lat, long                                      */
/*      GCP1 = 1, 1, 45.0, -75.0                                        */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    for( int i = 0; i < NUM_GCPS; i++ )
    {
        char szName[25] = { '\0' };
        snprintf( szName, sizeof(szName), "GCP%d", i+1 );
        if( CSLFetchNameValue( papszHdrLines, szName ) == nullptr )
            continue;

        char **papszTokens = CSLTokenizeStringComplex(
            CSLFetchNameValue( papszHdrLines, szName ),
            ",", FALSE, FALSE );
        if( CSLCount(papszTokens) == 4 )
        {
            GDALInitGCPs( 1, pasGCPList + nGCPCount );

            CPLFree( pasGCPList[nGCPCount].pszId );
            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].pszId = CPLStrdup( szName );

            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPX = CPLAtof(papszTokens[3]);
            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPY = CPLAtof(papszTokens[2]);
            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPZ = 0.0;
            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPPixel = CPLAtof(papszTokens[1])+0.5;
            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPLine = CPLAtof(papszTokens[0])+0.5;

            nGCPCount++;
        }

        CSLDestroy(papszTokens);
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                        ScanForProjectionInfo                         */
/************************************************************************/

void MFFDataset::ScanForProjectionInfo()
{
    const char *pszProjName
        = CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, "PROJECTION_NAME");
    const char *pszOriginLong
        = CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, "PROJECTION_ORIGIN_LONGITUDE");
    const char *pszSpheroidName
        = CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, "SPHEROID_NAME");

    if (pszProjName == nullptr)
    {
        CPLFree( pszProjection );
        CPLFree( pszGCPProjection );
        pszProjection=CPLStrdup("");
        pszGCPProjection=CPLStrdup("");
        return;
    }
    else if ((!EQUAL(pszProjName,"utm")) && (!EQUAL(pszProjName,"ll")))
    {
        CPLError(
            CE_Warning,CPLE_AppDefined,
            "Only utm and lat/long projections are currently supported." );
        CPLFree( pszProjection );
        CPLFree( pszGCPProjection );
        pszProjection=CPLStrdup("");
        pszGCPProjection=CPLStrdup("");
        return;
    }
    MFFSpheroidList *mffEllipsoids = new MFFSpheroidList;

    OGRSpatialReference oProj;
    if( EQUAL(pszProjName,"utm") )
    {
        int nZone;

        if (pszOriginLong == nullptr)
        {
          // If origin not specified, assume 0.0.
            CPLError(
                CE_Warning,CPLE_AppDefined,
                "No projection origin longitude specified.  Assuming 0.0." );
            nZone = 31;
        }
        else
            nZone = 31 + static_cast<int>(
                floor( CPLAtof( pszOriginLong ) / 6.0) );

        if( nGCPCount >= 5 && pasGCPList[4].dfGCPY < 0 )
            oProj.SetUTM( nZone, 0 );
        else
            oProj.SetUTM( nZone, 1 );

        if (pszOriginLong != nullptr)
            oProj.SetProjParm(SRS_PP_CENTRAL_MERIDIAN,CPLAtof(pszOriginLong));
    }

    OGRSpatialReference oLL;
    oLL.SetAxisMappingStrategy(OAMS_TRADITIONAL_GIS_ORDER);
    if (pszOriginLong != nullptr)
        oLL.SetProjParm(SRS_PP_LONGITUDE_OF_ORIGIN,CPLAtof(pszOriginLong));

    if (pszSpheroidName == nullptr)
    {
        CPLError(
            CE_Warning, CPLE_AppDefined,
            "Unspecified ellipsoid.  Using wgs-84 parameters.\n" );

        oProj.SetWellKnownGeogCS( "WGS84" );
        oLL.SetWellKnownGeogCS( "WGS84" );
    }
    else
    {
      if (mffEllipsoids->SpheroidInList(pszSpheroidName))
      {
         oProj.SetGeogCS(
             "unknown","unknown",pszSpheroidName,
             mffEllipsoids->GetSpheroidEqRadius(pszSpheroidName),
             mffEllipsoids->GetSpheroidInverseFlattening(pszSpheroidName) );
         oLL.SetGeogCS(
             "unknown","unknown",pszSpheroidName,
             mffEllipsoids->GetSpheroidEqRadius(pszSpheroidName),
             mffEllipsoids->GetSpheroidInverseFlattening(pszSpheroidName) );
      }
      else if (EQUAL(pszSpheroidName,"USER_DEFINED"))
      {
          const char *pszSpheroidEqRadius
              = CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, "SPHEROID_EQUATORIAL_RADIUS");
          const char *pszSpheroidPolarRadius
              = CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, "SPHEROID_POLAR_RADIUS");
          if ((pszSpheroidEqRadius != nullptr) && (pszSpheroidPolarRadius != nullptr))
          {
            const double eq_radius = CPLAtof( pszSpheroidEqRadius );
            const double polar_radius = CPLAtof( pszSpheroidPolarRadius );
            oProj.SetGeogCS( "unknown","unknown","unknown",
                         eq_radius, eq_radius/(eq_radius - polar_radius));
            oLL.SetGeogCS( "unknown","unknown","unknown",
                         eq_radius, eq_radius/(eq_radius - polar_radius));
          }
          else
          {
              CPLError(
                  CE_Warning, CPLE_AppDefined,
                  "Radii not specified for user-defined ellipsoid. "
                  "Using wgs-84 parameters.");
              oProj.SetWellKnownGeogCS( "WGS84" );
              oLL.SetWellKnownGeogCS( "WGS84" );
          }
      }
      else
      {
          CPLError(
              CE_Warning, CPLE_AppDefined,
              "Unrecognized ellipsoid.  Using wgs-84 parameters.");
          oProj.SetWellKnownGeogCS( "WGS84" );
          oLL.SetWellKnownGeogCS( "WGS84" );
      }
    }

    /* If a geotransform is sufficient to represent the GCP's (i.e. each */
    /* estimated gcp is within 0.25*pixel size of the actual value- this */
    /* is the test applied by GDALGCPsToGeoTransform), store the         */
    /* geotransform.                                                     */
    bool transform_ok = false;

    if (EQUAL(pszProjName,"LL"))
    {
        transform_ok =
            CPL_TO_BOOL(
                GDALGCPsToGeoTransform(
                    nGCPCount, pasGCPList, adfGeoTransform, 0 ) );
    }
    else
    {
        OGRCoordinateTransformation *poTransform
            = OGRCreateCoordinateTransformation( &oLL, &oProj );
        bool bSuccess = true;
        if( poTransform == nullptr )
        {
            CPLErrorReset();
            bSuccess = FALSE;
        }

        double *dfPrjX =
            static_cast<double *>( CPLMalloc(nGCPCount*sizeof(double)) );
        double *dfPrjY =
            static_cast<double *>( CPLMalloc(nGCPCount*sizeof(double)) );

        for( int gcp_index = 0; gcp_index < nGCPCount; gcp_index++ )
        {
            dfPrjX[gcp_index] = pasGCPList[gcp_index].dfGCPX;
            dfPrjY[gcp_index] = pasGCPList[gcp_index].dfGCPY;

            if( bSuccess &&
                !poTransform->Transform( 1,
                                         &(dfPrjX[gcp_index]),
                                         &(dfPrjY[gcp_index]) ) )
                bSuccess = FALSE;
        }

        if( bSuccess )
        {
            for(int gcp_index = 0; gcp_index < nGCPCount; gcp_index++ )
            {
                pasGCPList[gcp_index].dfGCPX = dfPrjX[gcp_index];
                pasGCPList[gcp_index].dfGCPY = dfPrjY[gcp_index];
            }
            transform_ok =
                CPL_TO_BOOL(
                    GDALGCPsToGeoTransform(
                        nGCPCount, pasGCPList, adfGeoTransform, 0 ) );
        }

        if (poTransform)
            delete poTransform;

        CPLFree(dfPrjX);
        CPLFree(dfPrjY);
    }

    CPLFree( pszProjection );
    CPLFree( pszGCPProjection );
    pszProjection = nullptr;
    pszGCPProjection = nullptr;
    oProj.exportToWkt( &pszProjection );
    oProj.exportToWkt( &pszGCPProjection );

    if( !transform_ok )
    {
    /* transform is sufficient in some cases (slant range, standalone gcps) */
        adfGeoTransform[0] = 0.0;
        adfGeoTransform[1] = 1.0;
        adfGeoTransform[2] = 0.0;
        adfGeoTransform[3] = 0.0;
        adfGeoTransform[4] = 0.0;
        adfGeoTransform[5] = 1.0;
        CPLFree( pszProjection );
        pszProjection = CPLStrdup("");
    }

    delete mffEllipsoids;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                                Open()                                */
/************************************************************************/

GDALDataset *MFFDataset::Open( GDALOpenInfo * poOpenInfo )

{
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      We assume the user is pointing to the header file.              */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    if( poOpenInfo->nHeaderBytes < 17 || poOpenInfo->fpL == nullptr )
        return nullptr;

    if( !EQUAL(CPLGetExtension(poOpenInfo->pszFilename), "hdr") )
        return nullptr;

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Load the .hdr file, and compress white space out around the     */
/*      equal sign.                                                     */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    char **papszHdrLines = CSLLoad( poOpenInfo->pszFilename );
    if( papszHdrLines == nullptr )
        return nullptr;

    // Remove spaces.  e.g.
    // SPHEROID_NAME = CLARKE_1866 -> SPHEROID_NAME=CLARKE_1866
    for( int i = 0; papszHdrLines[i] != nullptr; i++ )
    {
        int iDst = 0;
        char *pszLine = papszHdrLines[i];

        for( int iSrc=0; pszLine[iSrc] != '\0'; iSrc++ )
        {
            if( pszLine[iSrc] != ' ' )
            {
                pszLine[iDst++] = pszLine[iSrc];
            }
        }
        pszLine[iDst] = '\0';
    }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Verify it is an MFF file.                                       */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    if( CSLFetchNameValue( papszHdrLines, "IMAGE_FILE_FORMAT" ) != nullptr
        && !EQUAL(CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, "IMAGE_FILE_FORMAT"),
                  "MFF") )
    {
        CSLDestroy( papszHdrLines );
        return nullptr;
    }

    if( (CSLFetchNameValue( papszHdrLines, "IMAGE_LINES" ) == nullptr
         || CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines,"LINE_SAMPLES") == nullptr)
        && (CSLFetchNameValue( papszHdrLines, "no_rows" ) == nullptr
            || CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines,"no_columns") == nullptr) )
    {
        CSLDestroy( papszHdrLines );
        return nullptr;
    }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Create a corresponding GDALDataset.                             */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    MFFDataset *poDS = new MFFDataset();

    poDS->papszHdrLines = papszHdrLines;

    poDS->eAccess = poOpenInfo->eAccess;

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Set some dataset wide information.                              */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    if( CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines,"no_rows") != nullptr
        && CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines,"no_columns") != nullptr )
    {
        poDS->nRasterXSize = atoi(CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines,"no_columns"));
        poDS->nRasterYSize = atoi(CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines,"no_rows"));
    }
    else
    {
        poDS->nRasterXSize =
            atoi(CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, "LINE_SAMPLES"));
        poDS->nRasterYSize =
            atoi(CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, "IMAGE_LINES"));
    }

    if (!GDALCheckDatasetDimensions(poDS->nRasterXSize, poDS->nRasterYSize))
    {
        delete poDS;
        return nullptr;
    }

    bool bNative = true;
    if( CSLFetchNameValue( papszHdrLines, "BYTE_ORDER" ) != nullptr )
    {
#ifdef CPL_MSB
        bNative = EQUAL(CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, "BYTE_ORDER"), "MSB");
#else
        bNative = EQUAL(CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, "BYTE_ORDER"), "LSB");
#endif
    }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Get some information specific to APP tiled files.               */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    int nTileXSize = 0;
    int nTileYSize = 0;
    const char *pszRefinedType = CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, "type" );
    const bool bTiled = CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines, "no_rows") != nullptr;

    if( bTiled )
    {
        if( CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines,"tile_size_rows") )
            nTileYSize =
                atoi(CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines,"tile_size_rows"));
        if( CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines,"tile_size_columns") )
            nTileXSize =
                atoi(CSLFetchNameValue(papszHdrLines,"tile_size_columns") );

        if (nTileXSize <= 0 || nTileYSize <= 0 ||
            poDS->nRasterXSize-1 > INT_MAX - nTileXSize ||
            poDS->nRasterYSize-1 > INT_MAX - nTileYSize )
        {
            delete poDS;
            return nullptr;
        }
    }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Read the directory to find matching band files.                 */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    char * const pszTargetPath = CPLStrdup(CPLGetPath(poOpenInfo->pszFilename));
    char * const pszTargetBase =
        CPLStrdup(CPLGetBasename( poOpenInfo->pszFilename ));
    char **papszDirFiles = VSIReadDir( CPLGetPath( poOpenInfo->pszFilename ) );
    if( papszDirFiles == nullptr )
    {
        CPLFree(pszTargetPath);
        CPLFree(pszTargetBase);
        delete poDS;
        return nullptr;
    }

    int nSkipped = 0;
    for( int nRawBand = 0; true; nRawBand++ )
    {
        const char *pszExtension = nullptr;

        /* Find the next raw band file. */

        int i = 0;  // Used after for.
        for( ; papszDirFiles[i] != nullptr; i++ )
        {
            if( !EQUAL(CPLGetBasename(papszDirFiles[i]),pszTargetBase) )
                continue;

            pszExtension = CPLGetExtension(papszDirFiles[i]);
            if( strlen(pszExtension) >= 2
                && isdigit(pszExtension[1])
                && atoi(pszExtension+1) == nRawBand
                && strchr("bBcCiIjJrRxXzZ",pszExtension[0]) != nullptr )
                break;
        }

        if( papszDirFiles[i] == nullptr  )
            break;

        /* open the file for required level of access */
        const char *pszRawFilename = CPLFormFilename(pszTargetPath,
                                                     papszDirFiles[i], nullptr );

        VSILFILE *fpRaw = nullptr;
        if( poOpenInfo->eAccess == GA_Update )
            fpRaw = VSIFOpenL( pszRawFilename, "rb+" );
        else
            fpRaw = VSIFOpenL( pszRawFilename, "rb" );

        if( fpRaw == nullptr )
        {
            CPLError( CE_Warning, CPLE_OpenFailed,
                      "Unable to open %s ... skipping.",
                      pszRawFilename );
            nSkipped++;
            continue;
        }
        poDS->m_papszFileList = CSLAddString(poDS->m_papszFileList, pszRawFilename);

        GDALDataType eDataType = GDT_Unknown;
        pszExtension = CPLGetExtension(papszDirFiles[i]);
        if( pszRefinedType != nullptr )
        {
            if( EQUAL(pszRefinedType, "C*4") )
                eDataType = GDT_CFloat32;
            else if( EQUAL(pszRefinedType, "C*8") )
                eDataType = GDT_CFloat64;
            else if( EQUAL(pszRefinedType, "R*4") )
                eDataType = GDT_Float32;
            else if( EQUAL(pszRefinedType, "R*8") )
                eDataType = GDT_Float64;
            else if( EQUAL(pszRefinedType, "I*1") )
                eDataType = GDT_Byte;
            else if( EQUAL(pszRefinedType, "I*2") )
                eDataType = GDT_Int16;
            else if( EQUAL(pszRefinedType, "I*4") )
                eDataType = GDT_Int32;
            else if( EQUAL(pszRefinedType, "U*2") )
                eDataType = GDT_UInt16;
            else if( EQUAL(pszRefinedType, "U*4") )
                eDataType = GDT_UInt32;
            else if( EQUAL(pszRefinedType, "J*1") )
            {
                CPLError(
                    CE_Warning, CPLE_OpenFailed,
                    "Unable to open band %d because type J*1 is not handled. "
                    "Skipping.",
                    nRawBand + 1 );
                nSkipped++;
                CPL_IGNORE_RET_VAL(VSIFCloseL(fpRaw));
                continue;  // Does not support 1 byte complex.
            }
            else if( EQUAL(pszRefinedType, "J*2") )
                eDataType = GDT_CInt16;
            else if( EQUAL(pszRefinedType, "K*4") )
                eDataType = GDT_CInt32;
            else
            {
                CPLError(
                    CE_Warning, CPLE_OpenFailed,
                    "Unable to open band %d because type %s is not handled. "
                    "Skipping.\n",
                    nRawBand + 1, pszRefinedType );
                nSkipped++;
                CPL_IGNORE_RET_VAL(VSIFCloseL(fpRaw));
                continue;
            }
        }
        else if( STARTS_WITH_CI(pszExtension, "b") )
        {
            eDataType = GDT_Byte;
        }
        else if( STARTS_WITH_CI(pszExtension, "i") )
        {
            eDataType = GDT_UInt16;
        }
        else if( STARTS_WITH_CI(pszExtension, "j") )
        {
            eDataType = GDT_CInt16;
        }
        else if( STARTS_WITH_CI(pszExtension, "r") )
        {
            eDataType = GDT_Float32;
        }
        else if( STARTS_WITH_CI(pszExtension, "x") )
        {
            eDataType = GDT_CFloat32;
        }
        else
        {
            CPLError( CE_Warning, CPLE_OpenFailed,
                      "Unable to open band %d because extension %s is not "
                      "handled.  Skipping.",
                      nRawBand + 1, pszExtension );
            nSkipped++;
            CPL_IGNORE_RET_VAL(VSIFCloseL(fpRaw));
            continue;
        }

        const int nBand = poDS->GetRasterCount() + 1;

        const int nPixelOffset = GDALGetDataTypeSize(eDataType)/8;
        GDALRasterBand *poBand = nullptr;

        if( bTiled )
        {
            poBand =
                new MFFTiledBand( poDS, nBand, fpRaw, nTileXSize, nTileYSize,
                                  eDataType, bNative );
        }
        else
        {
            if (poDS->GetRasterXSize() > INT_MAX / nPixelOffset)
            {
                CPLError( CE_Warning, CPLE_AppDefined,
                          "Int overflow occurred... skipping" );
                nSkipped++;
                CPL_IGNORE_RET_VAL(VSIFCloseL(fpRaw));
                continue;
            }

            poBand =
                new RawRasterBand( poDS, nBand, fpRaw, 0, nPixelOffset,
                                   nPixelOffset * poDS->GetRasterXSize(),
                                   eDataType, bNative, RawRasterBand::OwnFP::YES );
        }

        poDS->SetBand( nBand, poBand );
    }

    CPLFree(pszTargetPath);
    CPLFree(pszTargetBase);
    CSLDestroy(papszDirFiles);

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Check if we have bands.                                         */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    if( poDS->GetRasterCount() == 0 )
    {
        if( nSkipped > 0 && poOpenInfo->eAccess )
        {
            CPLError( CE_Failure, CPLE_OpenFailed,
                      "Failed to open %d files that were apparently bands.  "
                      "Perhaps this dataset is readonly?",
                      nSkipped );
            delete poDS;
            return nullptr;
        }
        else
        {
            CPLError( CE_Failure, CPLE_OpenFailed,
                      "MFF header file read successfully, but no bands "
                      "were successfully found and opened." );
            delete poDS;
            return nullptr;
        }
    }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Set all information from the .hdr that isn't well know to be    */
/*      metadata.                                                       */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    for( int i = 0; papszHdrLines[i] != nullptr; i++ )
    {
        char *pszName = nullptr;

        const char *pszValue = CPLParseNameValue(papszHdrLines[i], &pszName);
        if( pszName == nullptr || pszValue == nullptr )
            continue;

        if( !EQUAL(pszName,"END")
            && !EQUAL(pszName,"FILE_TYPE")
            && !EQUAL(pszName,"BYTE_ORDER")
            && !EQUAL(pszName,"no_columns")
            && !EQUAL(pszName,"no_rows")
            && !EQUAL(pszName,"type")
            && !EQUAL(pszName,"tile_size_rows")
            && !EQUAL(pszName,"tile_size_columns")
            && !EQUAL(pszName,"IMAGE_FILE_FORMAT")
            && !EQUAL(pszName,"IMAGE_LINES")
            && !EQUAL(pszName,"LINE_SAMPLES") )
        {
            poDS->SetMetadataItem( pszName, pszValue );
        }

        CPLFree( pszName );
    }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Any GCPs in header file?                                        */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    poDS->ScanForGCPs();
    poDS->ScanForProjectionInfo();

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Initialize any PAM information.                                 */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    poDS->SetDescription( poOpenInfo->pszFilename );
    poDS->TryLoadXML();

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Check for overviews.                                            */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    poDS->oOvManager.Initialize( poDS, poOpenInfo->pszFilename );

    return poDS;
}

int GetMFFProjectionType(const char *pszNewProjection)
{
    OGRSpatialReference oSRS(pszNewProjection);

    if( !STARTS_WITH_CI(pszNewProjection, "GEOGCS")
       && !STARTS_WITH_CI(pszNewProjection, "PROJCS")
       && !EQUAL(pszNewProjection,"") )
      {
          return MFFPRJ_UNRECOGNIZED;
      }
      else if( EQUAL(pszNewProjection,"") )
      {
          return MFFPRJ_NONE;
      }
      else
      {
          if( oSRS.GetAttrValue("PROJECTION") != nullptr &&
              EQUAL(oSRS.GetAttrValue("PROJECTION"),
                    SRS_PT_TRANSVERSE_MERCATOR) )
          {
              return MFFPRJ_UTM;
          }
          else if( oSRS.GetAttrValue("PROJECTION") == nullptr &&
                   oSRS.IsGeographic() )
          {
              return MFFPRJ_LL;
          }
          else
          {
              return MFFPRJ_UNRECOGNIZED;
          }
      }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                               Create()                               */
/************************************************************************/

GDALDataset *MFFDataset::Create( const char * pszFilenameIn,
                                 int nXSize, int nYSize, int nBands,
                                 GDALDataType eType,
                                 char ** papszParamList )

{
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Verify input options.                                           */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    if( nBands <= 0 )
    {
        CPLError( CE_Failure, CPLE_NotSupported,
                  "MFF driver does not support %d bands.", nBands );
        return nullptr;
    }

    if( eType != GDT_Byte && eType != GDT_Float32 && eType != GDT_UInt16
        && eType != GDT_CInt16 && eType != GDT_CFloat32 )
    {
        CPLError( CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
              "Attempt to create MFF file with currently unsupported\n"
              "data type (%s).\n",
              GDALGetDataTypeName(eType) );

        return nullptr;
    }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Establish the base filename (path+filename, less extension).    */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    char *pszBaseFilename
        = static_cast<char *>( CPLMalloc( strlen( pszFilenameIn ) + 5 ) );
    strcpy( pszBaseFilename, pszFilenameIn );

    for( int i = static_cast<int>(strlen(pszBaseFilename))-1; i > 0; i-- )
    {
        if( pszBaseFilename[i] == '.' )
        {
            pszBaseFilename[i] = '\0';
            break;
        }

        if( pszBaseFilename[i] == '/' || pszBaseFilename[i] == '\\' )
            break;
    }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Create the header file.                                         */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    const char *pszFilename = CPLFormFilename( nullptr, pszBaseFilename, "hdr" );

    VSILFILE *fp = VSIFOpenL( pszFilename, "wt" );
    if( fp == nullptr )
    {
        CPLError( CE_Failure, CPLE_OpenFailed,
                  "Couldn't create %s.\n", pszFilename );
        CPLFree(pszBaseFilename);
        return nullptr;
    }

    bool bOK = VSIFPrintfL( fp, "IMAGE_FILE_FORMAT = MFF\n" ) >= 0;
    bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "FILE_TYPE = IMAGE\n" ) >= 0;
    bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "IMAGE_LINES = %d\n", nYSize ) >= 0;
    bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "LINE_SAMPLES = %d\n", nXSize ) >= 0;
#ifdef CPL_MSB
    bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "BYTE_ORDER = MSB\n" ) >= 0;
#else
    bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "BYTE_ORDER = LSB\n" ) >= 0;
#endif

    if (CSLFetchNameValue(papszParamList,"NO_END") == nullptr)
        bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "END\n" ) >= 0;

    if( VSIFCloseL( fp ) != 0 )
        bOK = false;

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Create the data files, but don't bother writing any data to them.*/
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    for( int iBand = 0; bOK && iBand < nBands; iBand++ )
    {
        char szExtension[4] = { '\0' };

        if( eType == GDT_Byte )
            CPLsnprintf( szExtension, sizeof(szExtension), "b%02d", iBand );
        else if( eType == GDT_UInt16 )
            CPLsnprintf( szExtension, sizeof(szExtension), "i%02d", iBand );
        else if( eType == GDT_Float32 )
            CPLsnprintf( szExtension, sizeof(szExtension),  "r%02d", iBand );
        else if( eType == GDT_CInt16 )
            CPLsnprintf( szExtension, sizeof(szExtension), "j%02d", iBand );
        else if( eType == GDT_CFloat32 )
            CPLsnprintf( szExtension, sizeof(szExtension), "x%02d", iBand );

        pszFilename = CPLFormFilename( nullptr, pszBaseFilename, szExtension );
        fp = VSIFOpenL( pszFilename, "wb" );
        if( fp == nullptr )
        {
            CPLError( CE_Failure, CPLE_OpenFailed,
                      "Couldn't create %s.\n", pszFilename );
            CPLFree(pszBaseFilename);
            return nullptr;
        }

        bOK &= VSIFWriteL( "", 1, 1, fp ) == 1;
        if( VSIFCloseL( fp ) != 0 )
            bOK = false;
    }

    if( !bOK )
    {
        CPLFree( pszBaseFilename );
        return nullptr;
    }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Open the dataset normally.                                      */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    strcat( pszBaseFilename, ".hdr" );
    GDALDataset *poDS = static_cast<GDALDataset *>(
        GDALOpen( pszBaseFilename, GA_Update ) );
    CPLFree( pszBaseFilename );

    return poDS;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             CreateCopy()                             */
/************************************************************************/

GDALDataset *
MFFDataset::CreateCopy( const char * pszFilename,
                        GDALDataset *poSrcDS,
                        int /* bStrict */,
                        char ** papszOptions,
                        GDALProgressFunc pfnProgress,
                        void * pProgressData )
{
    const int nBands = poSrcDS->GetRasterCount();
    if (nBands == 0)
    {
        CPLError( CE_Failure, CPLE_NotSupported,
                  "MFF driver does not support source dataset with zero band.");
        return nullptr;
    }

    GDALDataType eType = poSrcDS->GetRasterBand(1)->GetRasterDataType();
    if( !pfnProgress( 0.0, nullptr, pProgressData ) )
        return nullptr;

    // Check that other bands match type- sets type
    // to unknown if they differ.
    for( int iBand = 1; iBand < poSrcDS->GetRasterCount(); iBand++ )
     {
         GDALRasterBand *poBand = poSrcDS->GetRasterBand( iBand+1 );
         eType = GDALDataTypeUnion( eType, poBand->GetRasterDataType() );
     }

    char **newpapszOptions = CSLDuplicate(papszOptions);
    newpapszOptions=CSLSetNameValue(newpapszOptions,"NO_END","TRUE");

    MFFDataset *poDS = reinterpret_cast<MFFDataset *>(
        Create( pszFilename,
                poSrcDS->GetRasterXSize(),
                poSrcDS->GetRasterYSize(),
                poSrcDS->GetRasterCount(),
                eType, newpapszOptions ) );

    CSLDestroy(newpapszOptions);

    if (poDS == nullptr)
        return nullptr;

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Copy the image data.                                            */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    const int nXSize = poDS->GetRasterXSize();
    const int nYSize = poDS->GetRasterYSize();

    int nBlockXSize = 0;
    int nBlockYSize = 0;
    poDS->GetRasterBand(1)->GetBlockSize( &nBlockXSize, &nBlockYSize );

    const int nBlockTotal = ((nXSize + nBlockXSize - 1) / nBlockXSize)
        * ((nYSize + nBlockYSize - 1) / nBlockYSize)
        * poSrcDS->GetRasterCount();

    int nBlocksDone = 0;
    for( int iBand = 0; iBand < poSrcDS->GetRasterCount(); iBand++ )
    {
        GDALRasterBand *poSrcBand = poSrcDS->GetRasterBand( iBand+1 );
        GDALRasterBand *poDstBand = poDS->GetRasterBand( iBand+1 );

        void *pData = CPLMalloc(
            nBlockXSize * nBlockYSize * GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eType) );

        for( int iYOffset = 0; iYOffset < nYSize; iYOffset += nBlockYSize )
        {
            for( int iXOffset = 0; iXOffset < nXSize; iXOffset += nBlockXSize )
            {
                if( !pfnProgress(
                       (nBlocksDone++) / static_cast<float>( nBlockTotal ),
                       nullptr, pProgressData ) )
                {
                    CPLError( CE_Failure, CPLE_UserInterrupt,
                              "User terminated" );
                    delete poDS;
                    CPLFree( pData );

                    GDALDriver *poMFFDriver = static_cast<GDALDriver *>(
                        GDALGetDriverByName( "MFF" ) );
                    poMFFDriver->Delete( pszFilename );
                    return nullptr;
                }

                const int nTBXSize = std::min( nBlockXSize, nXSize - iXOffset );
                const int nTBYSize = std::min( nBlockYSize, nYSize - iYOffset );

                CPLErr eErr = poSrcBand->RasterIO(
                    GF_Read, iXOffset, iYOffset, nTBXSize, nTBYSize,
                    pData, nTBXSize, nTBYSize, eType, 0, 0, nullptr );

                if( eErr != CE_None )
                {
                    delete poDS;
                    CPLFree( pData );
                    return nullptr;
                }

                eErr = poDstBand->RasterIO( GF_Write,
                                            iXOffset, iYOffset,
                                            nTBXSize, nTBYSize,
                                            pData, nTBXSize, nTBYSize,
                                            eType, 0, 0, nullptr );

                if( eErr != CE_None )
                {
                    delete poDS;
                    CPLFree( pData );
                    return nullptr;
                }
            }
        }

        CPLFree( pData );
    }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Copy georeferencing information, if enough is available.        */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      Establish the base filename (path+filename, less extension).    */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    char *pszBaseFilename = static_cast<char *>(
        CPLMalloc( strlen(pszFilename)+5) );
    strcpy( pszBaseFilename, pszFilename );

    for( int i = static_cast<int>(strlen(pszBaseFilename))-1; i > 0; i-- )
    {
        if( pszBaseFilename[i] == '.' )
        {
            pszBaseFilename[i] = '\0';
            break;
        }

        if( pszBaseFilename[i] == '/' || pszBaseFilename[i] == '\\' )
            break;
    }

    const char *pszFilenameGEO
        = CPLFormFilename( nullptr, pszBaseFilename, "hdr" );

    VSILFILE *fp = VSIFOpenL( pszFilenameGEO, "at" );
    if( fp == nullptr )
    {
        CPLError( CE_Failure, CPLE_OpenFailed,
                  "Couldn't open %s for appending.\n", pszFilenameGEO );
        CPLFree(pszBaseFilename);
        return nullptr;
    }

    /* MFF requires corner and center gcps */
    bool georef_created = false;

    double *padfTiepoints = static_cast<double *>(
        CPLMalloc( 2 * sizeof(double) * 5 ) );

    const int src_prj = GetMFFProjectionType(poSrcDS->GetProjectionRef());

    if ((src_prj != MFFPRJ_NONE) && (src_prj != MFFPRJ_UNRECOGNIZED))
    {
      double *tempGeoTransform = static_cast<double *>(
          CPLMalloc( 6 * sizeof(double) ) );

      if( ( poSrcDS->GetGeoTransform( tempGeoTransform ) == CE_None)
          && (tempGeoTransform[0] != 0.0 || tempGeoTransform[1] != 1.0
          || tempGeoTransform[2] != 0.0 || tempGeoTransform[3] != 0.0
              || tempGeoTransform[4] != 0.0
              || std::abs(tempGeoTransform[5]) != 1.0 ) )
      {
          padfTiepoints[0] =
              tempGeoTransform[0] + tempGeoTransform[1]*0.5 +
              tempGeoTransform[2]*0.5;

          padfTiepoints[1] =
              tempGeoTransform[3] + tempGeoTransform[4]*0.5 +
              tempGeoTransform[5]*0.5;

          padfTiepoints[2] =
              tempGeoTransform[0] + tempGeoTransform[2]*0.5 +
              tempGeoTransform[1]*(poSrcDS->GetRasterXSize()-0.5);

          padfTiepoints[3] =
              tempGeoTransform[3] + tempGeoTransform[5]*0.5 +
              tempGeoTransform[4]*(poSrcDS->GetRasterXSize()-0.5);

          padfTiepoints[4] =
              tempGeoTransform[0] + tempGeoTransform[1]*0.5 +
              tempGeoTransform[2]*(poSrcDS->GetRasterYSize()-0.5);

          padfTiepoints[5] =
              tempGeoTransform[3] + tempGeoTransform[4]*0.5 +
              tempGeoTransform[5]*(poSrcDS->GetRasterYSize()-0.5);

          padfTiepoints[6] =
              tempGeoTransform[0] +
              tempGeoTransform[1]*(poSrcDS->GetRasterXSize()-0.5) +
              tempGeoTransform[2]*(poSrcDS->GetRasterYSize()-0.5);

          padfTiepoints[7] =
              tempGeoTransform[3]+
              tempGeoTransform[4]*(poSrcDS->GetRasterXSize()-0.5)+
              tempGeoTransform[5]*(poSrcDS->GetRasterYSize()-0.5);

          padfTiepoints[8] =
              tempGeoTransform[0]+
              tempGeoTransform[1]*(poSrcDS->GetRasterXSize())/2.0+
              tempGeoTransform[2]*(poSrcDS->GetRasterYSize())/2.0;

          padfTiepoints[9] =
              tempGeoTransform[3]+
              tempGeoTransform[4]*(poSrcDS->GetRasterXSize())/2.0+
              tempGeoTransform[5]*(poSrcDS->GetRasterYSize())/2.0;

          OGRSpatialReference oUTMorLL(poSrcDS->GetProjectionRef());
          auto poLLSRS = oUTMorLL.CloneGeogCS();
          if( poLLSRS && oUTMorLL.IsProjected() )
          {
            poLLSRS->SetAxisMappingStrategy(OAMS_TRADITIONAL_GIS_ORDER);
            OGRCoordinateTransformation *poTransform
                = OGRCreateCoordinateTransformation( &oUTMorLL, poLLSRS );

            // projected coordinate system- need to translate gcps */
            bool bSuccess = poTransform != nullptr;

            for ( int index = 0; index < 5; index++ )
            {
                // TODO: If bSuccess is false, set it to false?
                if( !bSuccess ||
                    !poTransform->Transform(
                        1,
                        &(padfTiepoints[index*2]),
                        &(padfTiepoints[index*2+1]) ) )
                  bSuccess = false;
            }
            if( bSuccess )
               georef_created = true;
          }
          else
          {
            georef_created = true;
          }
          delete poLLSRS;
      }
      CPLFree(tempGeoTransform);
    }

    bool bOK = true;
    if( georef_created )
    {
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      top left                                                        */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
          bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "TOP_LEFT_CORNER_LATITUDE = %.10f\n",
                              padfTiepoints[1] ) >= 0;
          bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "TOP_LEFT_CORNER_LONGITUDE = %.10f\n",
                              padfTiepoints[0] ) >= 0;
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      top_right                                                       */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
          bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "TOP_RIGHT_CORNER_LATITUDE = %.10f\n",
                              padfTiepoints[3] ) >= 0;
          bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "TOP_RIGHT_CORNER_LONGITUDE = %.10f\n",
                              padfTiepoints[2] ) >= 0;
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      bottom_left                                                     */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
          bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "BOTTOM_LEFT_CORNER_LATITUDE = %.10f\n",
                              padfTiepoints[5] ) >= 0;
          bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "BOTTOM_LEFT_CORNER_LONGITUDE = %.10f\n",
                              padfTiepoints[4] ) >= 0;
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      bottom_right                                                    */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
          bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "BOTTOM_RIGHT_CORNER_LATITUDE = %.10f\n",
                              padfTiepoints[7] ) >= 0;
          bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "BOTTOM_RIGHT_CORNER_LONGITUDE = %.10f\n",
                              padfTiepoints[6] ) >= 0;
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Center                                                          */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
          bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "CENTRE_LATITUDE = %.10f\n",
                              padfTiepoints[9] ) >= 0;
          bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "CENTRE_LONGITUDE = %.10f\n",
                              padfTiepoints[8] ) >= 0;
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*     Ellipsoid/projection                                            */
    /* --------------------------------------------------------------------*/

          const char *pszSrcProjection = poSrcDS->GetProjectionRef();
          char *spheroid_name = nullptr;

          if( !STARTS_WITH_CI(pszSrcProjection, "GEOGCS")
           && !STARTS_WITH_CI(pszSrcProjection, "PROJCS")
           && !EQUAL(pszSrcProjection,"") )
          {
            CPLError(
                CE_Warning, CPLE_AppDefined,
                "Only OGC WKT Projections supported for writing to MFF. "
                "%s not supported.",
                pszSrcProjection );
          }
          else if (!EQUAL(pszSrcProjection,""))
          {
             OGRSpatialReference oSRS(pszSrcProjection);

             if( oSRS.GetAttrValue("PROJECTION") != nullptr &&
                 EQUAL(oSRS.GetAttrValue("PROJECTION"),
                       SRS_PT_TRANSVERSE_MERCATOR) )
             {
                 bOK &= VSIFPrintfL(fp, "PROJECTION_NAME = UTM\n") >= 0;
                 OGRErr ogrerrorOl = OGRERR_NONE;
                 bOK &= VSIFPrintfL(fp, "PROJECTION_ORIGIN_LONGITUDE = %f\n",
                         oSRS.GetProjParm(SRS_PP_CENTRAL_MERIDIAN, 0.0,
                                          &ogrerrorOl)) >= 0;
             }
             else if (oSRS.GetAttrValue("PROJECTION") == nullptr &&
                      oSRS.IsGeographic())
             {
                  bOK &= VSIFPrintfL(fp,"PROJECTION_NAME = LL\n") >= 0;
             }
             else
             {
                  CPLError( CE_Warning, CPLE_AppDefined,
                            "Unrecognized projection- no georeferencing "
                            "information transferred." );
                  bOK &= VSIFPrintfL(fp, "PROJECTION_NAME = LL\n") >= 0;
             }
             OGRErr ogrerrorEq = OGRERR_NONE;
             const double eq_radius = oSRS.GetSemiMajor(&ogrerrorEq);
             OGRErr ogrerrorInvf = OGRERR_NONE;
             const double inv_flattening = oSRS.GetInvFlattening(&ogrerrorInvf);
             if( ogrerrorEq == OGRERR_NONE && ogrerrorInvf == OGRERR_NONE )
             {
                 MFFSpheroidList *mffEllipsoids = new MFFSpheroidList;
                 spheroid_name =
                     mffEllipsoids->GetSpheroidNameByEqRadiusAndInvFlattening(
                         eq_radius, inv_flattening);
                 if (spheroid_name != nullptr)
                 {
                     bOK &= VSIFPrintfL(fp, "SPHEROID_NAME = %s\n",
                                        spheroid_name ) >= 0;
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     bOK &= VSIFPrintfL(
                         fp, "SPHEROID_NAME = USER_DEFINED\n"
                         "SPHEROID_EQUATORIAL_RADIUS = %.10f\n"
                         "SPHEROID_POLAR_RADIUS = %.10f\n",
                         eq_radius,eq_radius*(1-1.0/inv_flattening) ) >= 0;
                 }
                 delete mffEllipsoids;
                 CPLFree(spheroid_name);
              }
          }
    }

    CPLFree( padfTiepoints );
    bOK &= VSIFPrintfL( fp, "END\n" ) >= 0;
    if( VSIFCloseL( fp ) != 0 )
        bOK = false;

    if( !bOK )
    {
        delete poDS;
        CPLFree(pszBaseFilename);
        return nullptr;
    }

    /* End of georeferencing stuff */

    /* Make sure image data gets flushed */
    for( int iBand = 0; iBand < poDS->GetRasterCount(); iBand++ )
    {
        RawRasterBand *poDstBand = reinterpret_cast<RawRasterBand *>(
            poDS->GetRasterBand( iBand+1 ) );
        poDstBand->FlushCache();
    }

    if( !pfnProgress( 1.0, nullptr, pProgressData ) )
    {
        CPLError( CE_Failure, CPLE_UserInterrupt,
                  "User terminated" );
        delete poDS;

        GDALDriver *poMFFDriver = static_cast<GDALDriver *>(
            GDALGetDriverByName( "MFF" ) );
        poMFFDriver->Delete( pszFilename );
        CPLFree(pszBaseFilename);
        return nullptr;
    }

    poDS->CloneInfo( poSrcDS, GCIF_PAM_DEFAULT );
    CPLFree(pszBaseFilename);

    return poDS;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                         GDALRegister_MFF()                           */
/************************************************************************/

void GDALRegister_MFF()

{
    if( GDALGetDriverByName( "MFF" ) != nullptr )
        return;

    GDALDriver *poDriver = new GDALDriver();

    poDriver->SetDescription( "MFF" );
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem( GDAL_DCAP_RASTER, "YES" );
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem( GDAL_DMD_LONGNAME, "Vexcel MFF Raster" );
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem( GDAL_DMD_HELPTOPIC, "drivers/raster/mff.html" );
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem( GDAL_DMD_EXTENSION, "hdr" );
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem( GDAL_DMD_CREATIONDATATYPES,
                               "Byte UInt16 Float32 CInt16 CFloat32" );

    poDriver->SetMetadataItem( GDAL_DCAP_VIRTUALIO, "YES" );

    poDriver->pfnOpen = MFFDataset::Open;
    poDriver->pfnCreate = MFFDataset::Create;
    poDriver->pfnCreateCopy = MFFDataset::CreateCopy;

    GetGDALDriverManager()->RegisterDriver( poDriver );
}
