# Geotransform Tutorial

## Introduction to Geotransforms:

A geotransform is an affine transformation from the image coordinate space (row, column), also known as (pixel, line) to the georeferenced coordinate space (projected or geographic coordinates).

A geotransform consists in a set of 6 coefficients:

`GT(0)` x-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the upper-left pixel.
`GT(1)` w-e pixel resolution / pixel width.
`GT(2)` row rotation (typically zero).
`GT(3)` y-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the upper-left pixel.
`GT(4)` column rotation (typically zero).
`GT(5)` n-s pixel resolution / pixel height (negative value for a north-up image).

## Transformation from image coordinate space to georeferenced coordinate space:

    X_geo = GT(0) + X_pixel * GT(1) + Y_line * GT(2)
    Y_geo = GT(3) + X_pixel * GT(4) + Y_line * GT(5)

Note that the pixel/line coordinates in the above are from (0.0,0.0) at the top left corner of the top left pixel to (width_in_pixels,height_in_pixels) at the bottom right corner of the bottom right pixel. The pixel/line location of the center of the top left pixel would therefore be (0.5,0.5).

## In case of north up images:

`GT(2)`, `GT(4)` coefficients are zero.
`GT(1)`, `GT(5)` is the pixel size.
`GT(0)`, `GT(3)` position is the top left corner of the top left pixel of the raster.