/******************************************************************************
 * $Id: llrasterize.cpp 33715 2016-03-13 08:52:06Z goatbar $
 *
 * Project:  GDAL
 * Purpose:  Vector polygon rasterization code.
 * Author:   Frank Warmerdam, warmerdam@pobox.com
 *
 ******************************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 2000, Frank Warmerdam <warmerdam@pobox.com>
 * Copyright (c) 2011, Even Rouault <even dot rouault at mines-paris dot org>
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
 * in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
 * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 ****************************************************************************/

#include "gdal_alg.h"
#include "gdal_alg_priv.h"

static int llCompareInt(const void *a, const void *b)
{
	return (*(const int *)a) - (*(const int *)b);
}

static void llSwapDouble(double *a, double *b)
{
	double temp = *a;
	*a = *b;
	*b = temp;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                       dllImageFilledPolygon()                        */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Perform scanline conversion of the passed multi-ring            */
/*      polygon.  Note the polygon does not need to be explicitly       */
/*      closed.  The scanline function will be called with              */
/*      horizontal scanline chunks which may not be entirely            */
/*      contained within the valid raster area (in the X                */
/*      direction).                                                     */
/*                                                                      */
/*      NEW: Nodes' coordinate are kept as double  in order             */
/*      to compute accurately the intersections with the lines          */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Two methods for determining the border pixels:                  */
/*                                                                      */
/*      1) method = 0                                                   */
/*         Inherits algorithm from version above but with several bugs  */
/*         fixed except for the cone facing down.                       */
/*         A pixel on which a line intersects a segment of a            */
/*         polygon will always be considered as inside the shape.       */
/*         Note that we only compute intersections with lines that      */
/*         passes through the middle of a pixel (line coord = 0.5,      */
/*         1.5, 2.5, etc.)                                              */
/*                                                                      */
/*      2) method = 1:                                                  */
/*         A pixel is considered inside a polygon if its center         */
/*         falls inside the polygon. This is somehow more robust unless */
/*         the nodes are placed in the center of the pixels in which    */
/*         case, due to numerical inaccuracies, it's hard to predict    */
/*         if the pixel will be considered inside or outside the shape. */
/************************************************************************/

/*
 * NOTE: This code was originally adapted from the gdImageFilledPolygon()
 * function in libgd.
 *
 * http://www.boutell.com/gd/
 *
 * It was later adapted for direct inclusion in GDAL and relicensed under
 * the GDAL MIT/X license (pulled from the OpenEV distribution).
 */

void GDALdllImageFilledPolygon(int nRasterXSize, int nRasterYSize,
                               int nPartCount, int *panPartSize,
                               double *padfX, double *padfY,
                               double *dfVariant,
                               llScanlineFunc pfnScanlineFunc, void *pCBData )
{
/*************************************************************************
2nd Method (method=1):
=====================
No known bug
*************************************************************************/

    int i;
    int y;
    int miny, maxy,minx,maxx;
    double dminy, dmaxy;
    double dx1, dy1;
    double dx2, dy2;
    double dy;
    double intersect;

    int ind1, ind2;
    int ints, n, part;
    int *polyInts;

    int horizontal_x1, horizontal_x2;

    if (!nPartCount) {
        return;
    }

    n = 0;
    for( part = 0; part < nPartCount; part++ )
        n += panPartSize[part];

    // +1 to make clang static analyzer not warn about potential malloc(0)
    polyInts = (int *) malloc(sizeof(int) * (n+1));

    dminy = padfY[0];
    dmaxy = padfY[0];
    for (i=1; (i < n); i++) {

        if (padfY[i] < dminy) {
            dminy = padfY[i];
        }
        if (padfY[i] > dmaxy) {
            dmaxy = padfY[i];
        }
    }
    miny = (int) dminy;
    maxy = (int) dmaxy;

    if( miny < 0 )
        miny = 0;
    if( maxy >= nRasterYSize )
        maxy = nRasterYSize-1;

    minx = 0;
    maxx = nRasterXSize - 1;

    /* Fix in 1.3: count a vertex only once */
    for (y=miny; y <= maxy; y++) {
        int	partoffset = 0;

        dy = y +0.5; /* center height of line*/

        part = 0;
        ints = 0;

        /*Initialize polyInts, otherwise it can sometimes causes a seg fault */
        memset(polyInts, -1, sizeof(int) * n);

        for (i=0; (i < n); i++) {

            if( i == partoffset + panPartSize[part] ) {
                partoffset += panPartSize[part];
                part++;
            }

            if( i == partoffset ) {
                ind1 = partoffset + panPartSize[part] - 1;
                ind2 = partoffset;
            } else {
                ind1 = i-1;
                ind2 = i;
            }

            dy1 = padfY[ind1];
            dy2 = padfY[ind2];

            if( (dy1 < dy && dy2 < dy) || (dy1 > dy && dy2 > dy) )
                continue;

            if (dy1 < dy2) {
                dx1 = padfX[ind1];
                dx2 = padfX[ind2];
            } else if (dy1 > dy2) {
                dy2 = padfY[ind1];
                dy1 = padfY[ind2];
                dx2 = padfX[ind1];
                dx1 = padfX[ind2];
            } else /* if (fabs(dy1-dy2)< 1.e-6) */
            {

                /*AE: DO NOT skip bottom horizontal segments
                  -Fill them separately-
                  They are not taken into account twice.*/
                if (padfX[ind1] > padfX[ind2])
                {
                    horizontal_x1 = (int) floor(padfX[ind2]+0.5);
                    horizontal_x2 = (int) floor(padfX[ind1]+0.5);

                    if  ( (horizontal_x1 >  maxx) ||  (horizontal_x2 <= minx) )
                        continue;

                    /*fill the horizontal segment (separately from the rest)*/
                    pfnScanlineFunc( pCBData, y, horizontal_x1, horizontal_x2 - 1, (dfVariant == NULL)?0:dfVariant[0] );
                    continue;
                }
                else /*skip top horizontal segments (they are already filled in the regular loop)*/
                    continue;

            }

            if(( dy < dy2 ) && (dy >= dy1))
            {

                intersect = (dy-dy1) * (dx2-dx1) / (dy2-dy1) + dx1;

                polyInts[ints++] = (int) floor(intersect+0.5);
            }
        }

        /*
         * It would be more efficient to do this inline, to avoid
         * a function call for each comparison.
         * NOTE - mloskot: make llCompareInt a functor and use std
         * algorithm and it will be optimized and expanded
         * automatically in compile-time, with modularity preserved.
         */
        qsort(polyInts, ints, sizeof(int), llCompareInt);


        for (i=0; (i < (ints)); i+=2)
        {
            if( polyInts[i] <= maxx && polyInts[i+1] > minx )
            {
                pfnScanlineFunc( pCBData, y, polyInts[i], polyInts[i+1] - 1, (dfVariant == NULL)?0:dfVariant[0] );
            }
        }
    }

    free( polyInts );
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                         GDALdllImagePoint()                          */
/************************************************************************/

void GDALdllImagePoint( int nRasterXSize, int nRasterYSize,
                        int nPartCount,
                        CPL_UNUSED int *panPartSize,
                        double *padfX, double *padfY, double *padfVariant,
                        llPointFunc pfnPointFunc, void *pCBData )
{
    int i;

    for ( i = 0; i < nPartCount; i++ )
    {
        int nX = (int)floor( padfX[i] );
        int nY = (int)floor( padfY[i] );
        double dfVariant = 0;
        if( padfVariant != NULL )
            dfVariant = padfVariant[i];

        if ( 0 <= nX && nX < nRasterXSize && 0 <= nY && nY < nRasterYSize )
            pfnPointFunc( pCBData, nY, nX, dfVariant );
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                         GDALdllImageLine()                           */
/************************************************************************/

void GDALdllImageLine( int nRasterXSize, int nRasterYSize,
                       int nPartCount, int *panPartSize,
                       double *padfX, double *padfY, double *padfVariant,
                       llPointFunc pfnPointFunc, void *pCBData )
{
    int     i, n;

    if ( !nPartCount )
        return;

    for ( i = 0, n = 0; i < nPartCount; n += panPartSize[i++] )
    {
        int j;

        for ( j = 1; j < panPartSize[i]; j++ )
        {
            int iX = (int)floor( padfX[n + j - 1] );
            int iY = (int)floor( padfY[n + j - 1] );

            const int iX1 = (int)floor( padfX[n + j] );
            const int iY1 = (int)floor( padfY[n + j] );

            double dfVariant = 0, dfVariant1 = 0;
            if( padfVariant != NULL &&
                ((GDALRasterizeInfo *)pCBData)->eBurnValueSource !=
                    GBV_UserBurnValue )
            {
                dfVariant = padfVariant[n + j - 1];
                dfVariant1 = padfVariant[n + j];
            }

            int nDeltaX = ABS( iX1 - iX );
            int nDeltaY = ABS( iY1 - iY );

            // Step direction depends on line direction.
            const int nXStep = ( iX > iX1 ) ? -1 : 1;
            const int nYStep = ( iY > iY1 ) ? -1 : 1;

            // Determine the line slope.
            if ( nDeltaX >= nDeltaY )
            {
                const int nXError = nDeltaY << 1;
                const int nYError = nXError - (nDeltaX << 1);
                int nError = nXError - nDeltaX;
                /* == 0 makes clang -fcatch-undefined-behavior -ftrapv happy, but if */
                /* it is == 0, dfDeltaVariant is not really used, so any value is OK */
                double dfDeltaVariant = (nDeltaX == 0) ? 0 : (dfVariant1 - dfVariant) /
                                                           (double)nDeltaX;

                while ( nDeltaX-- >= 0 )
                {
                    if ( 0 <= iX && iX < nRasterXSize
                         && 0 <= iY && iY < nRasterYSize )
                        pfnPointFunc( pCBData, iY, iX, dfVariant );

                    dfVariant += dfDeltaVariant;
                    iX += nXStep;
                    if ( nError > 0 )
                    {
                        iY += nYStep;
                        nError += nYError;
                    }
                    else
                        nError += nXError;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                const int nXError = nDeltaX << 1;
                const int nYError = nXError - (nDeltaY << 1);
                int nError = nXError - nDeltaY;
                /* == 0 makes clang -fcatch-undefined-behavior -ftrapv happy, but if */
                /* it is == 0, dfDeltaVariant is not really used, so any value is OK */
                double dfDeltaVariant = (nDeltaY == 0) ? 0 : (dfVariant1 - dfVariant) /
                                                           (double)nDeltaY;

                while ( nDeltaY-- >= 0 )
                {
                    if ( 0 <= iX && iX < nRasterXSize
                         && 0 <= iY && iY < nRasterYSize )
                        pfnPointFunc( pCBData, iY, iX, dfVariant );

                    dfVariant += dfDeltaVariant;
                    iY += nYStep;
                    if ( nError > 0 )
                    {
                        iX += nXStep;
                        nError += nYError;
                    }
                    else
                        nError += nXError;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                     GDALdllImageLineAllTouched()                     */
/*                                                                      */
/*      This alternate line drawing algorithm attempts to ensure        */
/*      that every pixel touched at all by the line will get set.       */
/*      @param padfVariant should contain the values that are to be     */
/*      added to the burn value.  The values along the line between the */
/*      points will be linearly interpolated. These values are used     */
/*      only if pCBData->eBurnValueSource is set to something other     */
/*      than GBV_UserBurnValue. If NULL is passed, a monotonous line    */
/*      will be drawn with the burn value.                              */
/************************************************************************/

void
GDALdllImageLineAllTouched(int nRasterXSize, int nRasterYSize,
                           int nPartCount, int *panPartSize,
                           double *padfX, double *padfY, double *padfVariant,
                           llPointFunc pfnPointFunc, void *pCBData )

{
    int     i, n;

    if ( !nPartCount )
        return;

    for ( i = 0, n = 0; i < nPartCount; n += panPartSize[i++] )
    {
        int j;

        for ( j = 1; j < panPartSize[i]; j++ )
        {
            double dfX = padfX[n + j - 1];
            double dfY = padfY[n + j - 1];

            double dfXEnd = padfX[n + j];
            double dfYEnd = padfY[n + j];

            double dfVariant = 0, dfVariantEnd = 0;
            if( padfVariant != NULL &&
                ((GDALRasterizeInfo *)pCBData)->eBurnValueSource !=
                    GBV_UserBurnValue )
            {
                dfVariant = padfVariant[n + j - 1];
                dfVariantEnd = padfVariant[n + j];
            }

            // Skip segments that are off the target region.
            if( (dfY < 0 && dfYEnd < 0)
                || (dfY > nRasterYSize && dfYEnd > nRasterYSize)
                || (dfX < 0 && dfXEnd < 0)
                || (dfX > nRasterXSize && dfXEnd > nRasterXSize) )
                continue;

            // Swap if needed so we can proceed from left2right (X increasing)
            if( dfX > dfXEnd )
            {
                llSwapDouble( &dfX, &dfXEnd );
                llSwapDouble( &dfY, &dfYEnd );
                llSwapDouble( &dfVariant, &dfVariantEnd );
            }

            // Special case for vertical lines.
            if( floor(dfX) == floor(dfXEnd) )
            {
                if( dfYEnd < dfY )
                {
                    llSwapDouble( &dfY, &dfYEnd );
                    llSwapDouble( &dfVariant, &dfVariantEnd );
                }

                int iX = (int) floor(dfX);
                int iY = (int) floor(dfY);
                int iYEnd = (int) floor(dfYEnd);

                if( iX >= nRasterXSize )
                    continue;

                double dfDeltaVariant = 0;
                if(( dfYEnd - dfY ) > 0)
                    dfDeltaVariant = ( dfVariantEnd - dfVariant )
                                     / ( dfYEnd - dfY );//per unit change in iY

                // Clip to the borders of the target region
                if( iY < 0 )
                    iY = 0;
                if( iYEnd >= nRasterYSize )
                    iYEnd = nRasterYSize - 1;
                dfVariant += dfDeltaVariant * ( (double)iY - dfY );

                if( padfVariant == NULL )
                    for( ; iY <= iYEnd; iY++ )
                        pfnPointFunc( pCBData, iY, iX, 0.0 );
                else
                    for( ; iY <= iYEnd; iY++, dfVariant +=  dfDeltaVariant )
                        pfnPointFunc( pCBData, iY, iX, dfVariant );

                continue; // next segment
            }

            double dfDeltaVariant = ( dfVariantEnd - dfVariant )
                                    / ( dfXEnd - dfX );//per unit change in iX

            // special case for horizontal lines
            if( floor(dfY) == floor(dfYEnd) )
            {
                if( dfXEnd < dfX )
                {
                    llSwapDouble( &dfX, &dfXEnd );
                    llSwapDouble( &dfVariant, &dfVariantEnd );
                }

                int iX = (int) floor(dfX);
                int iY = (int) floor(dfY);
                int iXEnd = (int) floor(dfXEnd);

                if( iY >= nRasterYSize )
                    continue;

                // Clip to the borders of the target region
                if( iX < 0 )
                    iX = 0;
                if( iXEnd >= nRasterXSize )
                    iXEnd = nRasterXSize - 1;
                dfVariant += dfDeltaVariant * ( (double)iX - dfX );

                if( padfVariant == NULL )
                    for( ; iX <= iXEnd; iX++ )
                        pfnPointFunc( pCBData, iY, iX, 0.0 );
                else
                    for( ; iX <= iXEnd; iX++, dfVariant +=  dfDeltaVariant )
                        pfnPointFunc( pCBData, iY, iX, dfVariant );

                continue; // next segment
            }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*      General case - left to right sloped.                            */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
            double dfSlope = (dfYEnd - dfY) / (dfXEnd - dfX);

            // clip segment in X
            if( dfXEnd > nRasterXSize )
            {
                dfYEnd -= ( dfXEnd - (double)nRasterXSize ) * dfSlope;
                dfXEnd = nRasterXSize;
            }
            if( dfX < 0 )
            {
                dfY += (0 - dfX) * dfSlope;
                dfVariant += dfDeltaVariant * (0.0 - dfX);
                dfX = 0.0;
            }

            // clip segment in Y
            double dfDiffX;
            if( dfYEnd > dfY )
            {
                if( dfY < 0 )
                {
                    dfX += (dfDiffX = (0 - dfY) / dfSlope);
                    dfVariant += dfDeltaVariant * dfDiffX;
                    dfY = 0.0;
                }
                if( dfYEnd >= nRasterYSize )
                {
                    dfXEnd += ( dfYEnd - (double)nRasterYSize ) / dfSlope;
                    dfYEnd = nRasterXSize;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                if( dfY >= nRasterYSize )
                {
                    dfX += (dfDiffX = ((double)nRasterYSize - dfY) / dfSlope);
                    dfVariant += dfDeltaVariant * dfDiffX;
                    dfY = nRasterYSize;
                }
                if( dfYEnd < 0 )
                {
                    dfXEnd -= ( dfYEnd - 0 ) / dfSlope;
                    dfYEnd = 0;
                }
            }

            // step from pixel to pixel.
            while( dfX >= 0 && dfX < dfXEnd )
            {
                int iX = (int) floor(dfX);
                int iY = (int) floor(dfY);

                // Burn in the current point.
                // We should be able to drop the Y check because we clipped
                // in Y, but there may be some error with all the small steps.
                if( iY >= 0 && iY < nRasterYSize )
                    pfnPointFunc( pCBData, iY, iX, dfVariant );

                double dfStepX = floor(dfX+1.0) - dfX;
                double dfStepY = dfStepX * dfSlope;

                // step to right pixel without changing scanline?
                if( (int) floor(dfY + dfStepY) == iY )
                {
                    dfX += dfStepX;
                    dfY += dfStepY;
                    dfVariant += dfDeltaVariant * dfStepX;
                }
                else if( dfSlope < 0 )
                {
                    dfStepY = iY - dfY;
                    if( dfStepY > -0.000000001 )
                        dfStepY = -0.000000001;

                    dfStepX = dfStepY / dfSlope;
                    dfX += dfStepX;
                    dfY += dfStepY;
                    dfVariant += dfDeltaVariant * dfStepX;
                }
                else
                {
                    dfStepY = (iY + 1) - dfY;
                    if( dfStepY < 0.000000001 )
                        dfStepY = 0.000000001;

                    dfStepX = dfStepY / dfSlope;
                    dfX += dfStepX;
                    dfY += dfStepY;
                    dfVariant += dfDeltaVariant * dfStepX;
                }
            } // next step along segment.

        } // next segment
    } // next part
}
