/**********************************************************************
 * $Id$
 *
 * Project:  MapServer
 * Purpose:  OGC Filter Encoding implementation
 * Author:   Y. Assefa, DM Solutions Group (assefa@dmsolutions.ca)
 *
 **********************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 2003, Y. Assefa, DM Solutions Group Inc
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies of this Software or works derived from this Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 ****************************************************************************/

#include "mapserver-config.h"

#include "cpl_minixml.h"
#include "cpl_string.h"

#include "mapogcfilter.h"
#include "mapserver.h"
#include "mapowscommon.h"
#include "maptime.h"
#include "mapows.h"
#include <ctype.h>

#if 0
static int FLTHasUniqueTopLevelDuringFilter(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode);
#endif

#if !(defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__))
static inline void IGUR_double(double ignored) {
  (void)ignored;
} /* Ignore GCC Unused Result */
#endif

int FLTIsNumeric(const char *pszValue) {
  if (pszValue != NULL && *pszValue != '\0' && !isspace(*pszValue)) {
    /*the regex seems to have a problem on windows when mapserver is built using
      PHP regex*/
#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
    int i = 0, nLength = 0, bString = 0;

    nLength = strlen(pszValue);
    for (i = 0; i < nLength; i++) {
      if (i == 0) {
        if (!isdigit(pszValue[i]) && pszValue[i] != '-') {
          bString = 1;
          break;
        }
      } else if (!isdigit(pszValue[i]) && pszValue[i] != '.') {
        bString = 1;
        break;
      }
    }
    if (!bString)
      return MS_TRUE;
#else
    char *p;
    IGUR_double(strtod(pszValue, &p));
    if (p != pszValue && *p == '\0')
      return MS_TRUE;
#endif
  }

  return MS_FALSE;
}

/*
** Apply an expression to the layer's filter element.
**
*/
int FLTApplyExpressionToLayer(layerObj *lp, const char *pszExpression) {
  char *pszFinalExpression = NULL, *pszBuffer = NULL;
  /*char *escapedTextString=NULL;*/
  int bConcatWhere = 0, bHasAWhere = 0;

  if (lp && pszExpression) {
    if (lp->connectiontype == MS_POSTGIS ||
        lp->connectiontype == MS_ORACLESPATIAL ||
        lp->connectiontype == MS_PLUGIN) {
      pszFinalExpression = msStrdup("(");
      pszFinalExpression =
          msStringConcatenate(pszFinalExpression, pszExpression);
      pszFinalExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszFinalExpression, ")");
    } else if (lp->connectiontype == MS_OGR) {
      pszFinalExpression = msStrdup(pszExpression);
      if (lp->filter.type != MS_EXPRESSION) {
        bConcatWhere = 1;
      } else {
        if (lp->filter.string && EQUALN(lp->filter.string, "WHERE ", 6)) {
          bHasAWhere = 1;
          bConcatWhere = 1;
        }
      }

    } else
      pszFinalExpression = msStrdup(pszExpression);

    if (bConcatWhere)
      pszBuffer = msStringConcatenate(pszBuffer, "WHERE ");
    /* if the filter is set and it's an expression type, concatenate it with
                this filter. If not just free it */
    if (lp->filter.string && lp->filter.type == MS_EXPRESSION) {
      pszBuffer = msStringConcatenate(pszBuffer, "((");
      if (bHasAWhere)
        pszBuffer = msStringConcatenate(pszBuffer, lp->filter.string + 6);
      else
        pszBuffer = msStringConcatenate(pszBuffer, lp->filter.string);
      pszBuffer = msStringConcatenate(pszBuffer, ") and ");
    } else if (lp->filter.string)
      msFreeExpression(&lp->filter);

    pszBuffer = msStringConcatenate(pszBuffer, pszFinalExpression);

    if (lp->filter.string && lp->filter.type == MS_EXPRESSION)
      pszBuffer = msStringConcatenate(pszBuffer, ")");

    /*assuming that expression was properly escaped
          escapedTextString = msStringEscape(pszBuffer);
          msLoadExpressionString(&lp->filter,
                                 (char*)CPLSPrintf("%s", escapedTextString));
          msFree(escapedTextString);
    */
    msLoadExpressionString(&lp->filter, pszBuffer);

    msFree(pszFinalExpression);

    if (pszBuffer)
      msFree(pszBuffer);

    return MS_TRUE;
  }

  return MS_FALSE;
}

char *FLTGetExpressionForValuesRanges(layerObj *lp, const char *item,
                                      const char *value, int forcecharcter) {
  int bIscharacter;
  char *pszExpression = NULL, *pszEscapedStr = NULL, *pszTmpExpression = NULL;
  char **paszElements = NULL, **papszRangeElements = NULL;
  int numelements, i, nrangeelements;

  /* double minval, maxval; */
  if (lp && item && value) {
    if (strstr(value, "/") == NULL) {
      /*value(s)*/
      paszElements = msStringSplit(value, ',', &numelements);
      if (paszElements && numelements > 0) {
        if (forcecharcter)
          bIscharacter = MS_TRUE;
        else
          bIscharacter = !FLTIsNumeric(paszElements[0]);

        pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "(");
        for (i = 0; i < numelements; i++) {
          pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "(");
          {
            if (bIscharacter)
              pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "\"");
            pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "[");
            pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, item);
            pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "]");
            if (bIscharacter)
              pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "\"");
          }
          if (bIscharacter) {
            pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, " = \"");
          } else
            pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, " = ");

          pszEscapedStr = msLayerEscapeSQLParam(lp, paszElements[i]);
          pszTmpExpression =
              msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, pszEscapedStr);

          if (bIscharacter) {
            pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "\"");
          }
          pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, ")");

          msFree(pszEscapedStr);
          pszEscapedStr = NULL;

          if (pszExpression != NULL)
            pszExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszExpression, " OR ");

          pszExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszExpression, pszTmpExpression);

          msFree(pszTmpExpression);
          pszTmpExpression = NULL;
        }
        pszExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszExpression, ")");
      }
      msFreeCharArray(paszElements, numelements);
    } else {
      /*range(s)*/
      paszElements = msStringSplit(value, ',', &numelements);
      if (paszElements && numelements > 0) {
        pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "(");
        for (i = 0; i < numelements; i++) {
          papszRangeElements =
              msStringSplit(paszElements[i], '/', &nrangeelements);
          if (papszRangeElements && nrangeelements > 0) {
            pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "(");
            if (nrangeelements == 2 || nrangeelements == 3) {
              /*
              minval = atof(papszRangeElements[0]);
              maxval = atof(papszRangeElements[1]);
              */
              {
                pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "[");
                pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, item);
                pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "]");
              }

              pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, " >= ");

              pszEscapedStr = msLayerEscapeSQLParam(lp, papszRangeElements[0]);
              pszTmpExpression =
                  msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, pszEscapedStr);
              msFree(pszEscapedStr);
              pszEscapedStr = NULL;

              pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, " AND ");

              {
                pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "[");
                pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, item);
                pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "]");
              }

              pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, " <= ");

              pszEscapedStr = msLayerEscapeSQLParam(lp, papszRangeElements[1]);
              pszTmpExpression =
                  msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, pszEscapedStr);
              msFree(pszEscapedStr);
              pszEscapedStr = NULL;

              pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, ")");
            } else if (nrangeelements == 1) {
              pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "(");
              {
                pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "[");
                pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, item);
                pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, "]");
              }

              pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, " = ");

              pszEscapedStr = msLayerEscapeSQLParam(lp, papszRangeElements[0]);
              pszTmpExpression =
                  msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, pszEscapedStr);
              msFree(pszEscapedStr);
              pszEscapedStr = NULL;

              pszTmpExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszTmpExpression, ")");
            }

            if (pszExpression != NULL)
              pszExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszExpression, " OR ");

            pszExpression =
                msStringConcatenate(pszExpression, pszTmpExpression);
            msFree(pszTmpExpression);
            pszTmpExpression = NULL;
          }
          msFreeCharArray(papszRangeElements, nrangeelements);
        }
        pszExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszExpression, ")");
      }
      msFreeCharArray(paszElements, numelements);
    }
  }
  msFree(pszTmpExpression);
  return pszExpression;
}

int FLTogrConvertGeometry(OGRGeometryH hGeometry, shapeObj *psShape,
                          OGRwkbGeometryType nType) {
  return msOGRGeometryToShape(hGeometry, psShape, nType);
}

static int FLTShapeFromGMLTree(CPLXMLNode *psTree, shapeObj *psShape,
                               char **ppszSRS) {
  const char *pszSRS = NULL;
  if (psTree && psShape) {
    CPLXMLNode *psNext = psTree->psNext;
    OGRGeometryH hGeometry = NULL;

    psTree->psNext = NULL;
    hGeometry = OGR_G_CreateFromGMLTree(psTree);
    psTree->psNext = psNext;

    if (hGeometry) {
      OGRwkbGeometryType nType;
      nType = OGR_G_GetGeometryType(hGeometry);
      if (nType == wkbPolygon25D || nType == wkbMultiPolygon25D)
        nType = wkbPolygon;
      else if (nType == wkbLineString25D || nType == wkbMultiLineString25D)
        nType = wkbLineString;
      else if (nType == wkbPoint25D || nType == wkbMultiPoint25D)
        nType = wkbPoint;
      FLTogrConvertGeometry(hGeometry, psShape, nType);

      OGR_G_DestroyGeometry(hGeometry);

      pszSRS = CPLGetXMLValue(psTree, "srsName", NULL);
      if (ppszSRS && pszSRS)
        *ppszSRS = msStrdup(pszSRS);

      return MS_TRUE;
    }
  }

  return MS_FALSE;
}

int FLTGetGeosOperator(char *pszValue) {
  if (!pszValue)
    return -1;

  if (strcasecmp(pszValue, "Equals") == 0)
    return MS_GEOS_EQUALS;
  else if (strcasecmp(pszValue, "Intersect") == 0 ||
           strcasecmp(pszValue, "Intersects") == 0)
    return MS_GEOS_INTERSECTS;
  else if (strcasecmp(pszValue, "Disjoint") == 0)
    return MS_GEOS_DISJOINT;
  else if (strcasecmp(pszValue, "Touches") == 0)
    return MS_GEOS_TOUCHES;
  else if (strcasecmp(pszValue, "Crosses") == 0)
    return MS_GEOS_CROSSES;
  else if (strcasecmp(pszValue, "Within") == 0)
    return MS_GEOS_WITHIN;
  else if (strcasecmp(pszValue, "Contains") == 0)
    return MS_GEOS_CONTAINS;
  else if (strcasecmp(pszValue, "Overlaps") == 0)
    return MS_GEOS_OVERLAPS;
  else if (strcasecmp(pszValue, "Beyond") == 0)
    return MS_GEOS_BEYOND;
  else if (strcasecmp(pszValue, "DWithin") == 0)
    return MS_GEOS_DWITHIN;

  return -1;
}

int FLTIsGeosNode(char *pszValue) {
  if (FLTGetGeosOperator(pszValue) == -1)
    return MS_FALSE;

  return MS_TRUE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                        FLTIsSimpleFilterNoSpatial                    */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Filter encoding with only attribute queries                     */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTIsSimpleFilterNoSpatial(FilterEncodingNode *psNode) {
  if (FLTIsSimpleFilter(psNode) && FLTNumberOfFilterType(psNode, "BBOX") == 0)
    return MS_TRUE;

  return MS_FALSE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                      FLTApplySimpleSQLFilter()                       */
/************************************************************************/

int FLTApplySimpleSQLFilter(FilterEncodingNode *psNode, mapObj *map,
                            int iLayerIndex) {
  layerObj *lp = NULL;
  char *szExpression = NULL;
  rectObj sQueryRect = map->extent;
  const char *szEPSG = NULL;
  projectionObj sProjTmp;
  char *pszBuffer = NULL;
  int bConcatWhere = 0;
  int bHasAWhere = 0;
  char *pszTmp = NULL, *pszTmp2 = NULL;
  char *tmpfilename = NULL;
  const char *pszTimeField = NULL;
  const char *pszTimeValue = NULL;

  lp = (GET_LAYER(map, iLayerIndex));

  /* if there is a bbox use it */
  szEPSG = FLTGetBBOX(psNode, &sQueryRect);
  if (szEPSG && map->projection.numargs > 0) {
    msInitProjection(&sProjTmp);
    msProjectionInheritContextFrom(&sProjTmp, &map->projection);
    /* Use the non EPSG variant since axis swapping is done in
     * FLTDoAxisSwappingIfNecessary */
    if (msLoadProjectionString(&sProjTmp, szEPSG) == 0) {
      msProjectRect(&sProjTmp, &map->projection, &sQueryRect);
    }
    msFreeProjection(&sProjTmp);
  }

  if (lp->connectiontype == MS_OGR) {
    pszTimeValue = FLTGetDuring(psNode, &pszTimeField);
  }

  /* make sure that the layer can be queried*/
  if (!lp->_template)
    lp->_template = msStrdup("ttt.html");

  /* if there is no class, create at least one, so that query by rect would work
   */
  if (lp->numclasses == 0) {
    if (msGrowLayerClasses(lp) == NULL)
      return MS_FAILURE;
    initClass(lp->_class[0]);
  }

  bConcatWhere = 0;
  bHasAWhere = 0;
  if (lp->connectiontype == MS_POSTGIS ||
      lp->connectiontype == MS_ORACLESPATIAL ||
      lp->connectiontype == MS_PLUGIN) {
    szExpression = FLTGetSQLExpression(psNode, lp);
    if (szExpression) {
      pszTmp = msStrdup("(");
      pszTmp = msStringConcatenate(pszTmp, szExpression);
      pszTmp = msStringConcatenate(pszTmp, ")");
      msFree(szExpression);
      szExpression = pszTmp;
    }
  }
  /* concatenates the WHERE clause for OGR layers. This only applies if
     the expression was empty or not of an expression string. If there
     is an sql type expression, it is assumed to have the WHERE clause.
     If it is an expression and does not have a WHERE it is assumed to be a
     mapserver type expression*/
  else if (lp->connectiontype == MS_OGR) {
    if (lp->filter.type != MS_EXPRESSION) {
      szExpression = FLTGetSQLExpression(psNode, lp);
      bConcatWhere = 1;
    } else {
      if (lp->filter.string && EQUALN(lp->filter.string, "WHERE ", 6)) {
        szExpression = FLTGetSQLExpression(psNode, lp);
        bHasAWhere = 1;
        bConcatWhere = 1;
      } else {
        szExpression = FLTGetCommonExpression(psNode, lp);
      }
    }
  } else {
    szExpression = FLTGetCommonExpression(psNode, lp);
  }

  if (szExpression) {
    if (bConcatWhere)
      pszBuffer = msStringConcatenate(pszBuffer, "WHERE ");

    /* if the filter is set and it's an expression type, concatenate it with
                 this filter. If not just free it */
    if (lp->filter.string && lp->filter.type == MS_EXPRESSION) {
      pszBuffer = msStringConcatenate(pszBuffer, "((");
      if (bHasAWhere)
        pszBuffer = msStringConcatenate(pszBuffer, lp->filter.string + 6);
      else
        pszBuffer = msStringConcatenate(pszBuffer, lp->filter.string);
      pszBuffer = msStringConcatenate(pszBuffer, ") and ");
    } else if (lp->filter.string)
      msFreeExpression(&lp->filter);

    pszBuffer = msStringConcatenate(pszBuffer, szExpression);

    if (lp->filter.string && lp->filter.type == MS_EXPRESSION)
      pszBuffer = msStringConcatenate(pszBuffer, ")");

    msLoadExpressionString(&lp->filter, pszBuffer);
    free(szExpression);
  }

  if (pszTimeField && pszTimeValue)
    msLayerSetTimeFilter(lp, pszTimeValue, pszTimeField);

  if (pszBuffer)
    free(pszBuffer);

  map->query.type = MS_QUERY_BY_RECT;
  map->query.mode = MS_QUERY_MULTIPLE;
  map->query.layer = lp->index;
  map->query.rect = sQueryRect;

  if (map->debug == MS_DEBUGLEVEL_VVV) {
    tmpfilename = msTmpFile(map, map->mappath, NULL, "_filter.map");
    if (tmpfilename == NULL) {
      tmpfilename = msTmpFile(map, NULL, NULL, "_filter.map");
    }
    if (tmpfilename) {
      msSaveMap(map, tmpfilename);
      msDebug(
          "FLTApplySimpleSQLFilter(): Map file after Filter was applied %s\n",
          tmpfilename);
      msFree(tmpfilename);
    }
  }

  /*for oracle connection, if we have a simple filter with no spatial
    constraints we should set the connection function to NONE to have a better
    performance
    (#2725)*/

  if (lp->connectiontype == MS_ORACLESPATIAL &&
      FLTIsSimpleFilterNoSpatial(psNode)) {
    if (strcasestr(lp->data, "USING") == 0)
      lp->data = msStringConcatenate(lp->data, " USING NONE");
    else if (strcasestr(lp->data, "NONE") == 0) {
      /*if one of the functions is used, just replace it with NONE*/
      if (strcasestr(lp->data, "FILTER"))
        lp->data = msCaseReplaceSubstring(lp->data, "FILTER", "NONE");
      else if (strcasestr(lp->data, "GEOMRELATE"))
        lp->data = msCaseReplaceSubstring(lp->data, "GEOMRELATE", "NONE");
      else if (strcasestr(lp->data, "RELATE"))
        lp->data = msCaseReplaceSubstring(lp->data, "RELATE", "NONE");
      else if (strcasestr(lp->data, "VERSION")) {
        /*should add NONE just before the VERSION. Cases are:
          DATA "ORA_GEOMETRY FROM data USING VERSION 10g
          DATA "ORA_GEOMETRY FROM data  USING UNIQUE FID VERSION 10g"
         */
        pszTmp = (char *)strcasestr(lp->data, "VERSION");
        pszTmp2 = msStringConcatenate(pszTmp2, " NONE ");
        pszTmp2 = msStringConcatenate(pszTmp2, pszTmp);

        lp->data = msCaseReplaceSubstring(lp->data, pszTmp, pszTmp2);

        msFree(pszTmp2);

      } else if (strcasestr(lp->data, "SRID")) {
        lp->data = msStringConcatenate(lp->data, " NONE");
      }
    }
  }

  return msQueryByRect(map);

  /* return MS_SUCCESS; */
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            FLTSplitFilters                           */
/*                                                                      */
/*    Split filters separated by parentheses into an array of strings.  */
/************************************************************************/
char **FLTSplitFilters(const char *pszStr, int *pnTokens) {
  const char *pszTokenBegin;
  char **papszRet = NULL;
  int nTokens = 0;
  char chStringQuote = '\0';
  int nXMLIndent = 0;
  int bInBracket = FALSE;

  if (*pszStr != '(') {
    *pnTokens = 0;
    return NULL;
  }
  pszStr++;
  pszTokenBegin = pszStr;
  while (*pszStr != '\0') {
    /* Ignore any character until end of quoted string */
    if (chStringQuote != '\0') {
      if (*pszStr == chStringQuote)
        chStringQuote = 0;
    }
    /* Detect begin of quoted string only for an XML attribute, i.e. between <
       and > */
    else if (bInBracket && (*pszStr == '\'' || *pszStr == '"')) {
      chStringQuote = *pszStr;
    }
    /* Begin of XML element */
    else if (*pszStr == '<') {
      bInBracket = TRUE;
      if (pszStr[1] == '/')
        nXMLIndent--;
      else if (pszStr[1] != '!')
        nXMLIndent++;
    }
    /* <something /> case */
    else if (*pszStr == '/' && pszStr[1] == '>') {
      bInBracket = FALSE;
      nXMLIndent--;
      pszStr++;
    }
    /* End of XML element */
    else if (*pszStr == '>') {
      bInBracket = FALSE;
    }
    /* Only detect and of filter when XML indentation goes back to zero */
    else if (nXMLIndent == 0 && *pszStr == ')') {
      papszRet =
          (char **)msSmallRealloc(papszRet, sizeof(char *) * (nTokens + 1));
      papszRet[nTokens] = msStrdup(pszTokenBegin);
      papszRet[nTokens][pszStr - pszTokenBegin] = '\0';
      nTokens++;
      if (pszStr[1] != '(') {
        break;
      }
      pszStr++;
      pszTokenBegin = pszStr + 1;
    }
    pszStr++;
  }
  *pnTokens = nTokens;
  return papszRet;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            FLTIsSimpleFilter                         */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Filter encoding with only attribute queries and only one bbox.  */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTIsSimpleFilter(FilterEncodingNode *psNode) {
  if (FLTValidForBBoxFilter(psNode)) {
    if (FLTNumberOfFilterType(psNode, "DWithin") == 0 &&
        FLTNumberOfFilterType(psNode, "Intersect") == 0 &&
        FLTNumberOfFilterType(psNode, "Intersects") == 0 &&
        FLTNumberOfFilterType(psNode, "Equals") == 0 &&
        FLTNumberOfFilterType(psNode, "Disjoint") == 0 &&
        FLTNumberOfFilterType(psNode, "Touches") == 0 &&
        FLTNumberOfFilterType(psNode, "Crosses") == 0 &&
        FLTNumberOfFilterType(psNode, "Within") == 0 &&
        FLTNumberOfFilterType(psNode, "Contains") == 0 &&
        FLTNumberOfFilterType(psNode, "Overlaps") == 0 &&
        FLTNumberOfFilterType(psNode, "Beyond") == 0)
      return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          FLTApplyFilterToLayer                       */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Use the filter encoding node to create mapserver expressions    */
/*      and apply it to the layer.                                      */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTApplyFilterToLayer(FilterEncodingNode *psNode, mapObj *map,
                          int iLayerIndex) {
  layerObj *layer = GET_LAYER(map, iLayerIndex);

  if (!layer->vtable) {
    int rv = msInitializeVirtualTable(layer);
    if (rv != MS_SUCCESS)
      return rv;
  }
  if (!layer->vtable)
    return MS_FAILURE;
  return layer->vtable->LayerApplyFilterToLayer(psNode, map, iLayerIndex);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*               FLTLayerApplyCondSQLFilterToLayer                       */
/*                                                                      */
/* Helper function for layer virtual table architecture                 */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTLayerApplyCondSQLFilterToLayer(FilterEncodingNode *psNode, mapObj *map,
                                      int iLayerIndex) {
  return FLTLayerApplyPlainFilterToLayer(psNode, map, iLayerIndex);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           FLTGetTopBBOX                              */
/*                                                                      */
/* Return the "top" BBOX if there's a unique one.                       */
/************************************************************************/
static int FLTGetTopBBOXInternal(FilterEncodingNode *psNode,
                                 FilterEncodingNode **ppsTopBBOX,
                                 int *pnCount) {
  if (psNode->pszValue && strcasecmp(psNode->pszValue, "BBOX") == 0) {
    (*pnCount)++;
    if (*pnCount == 1) {
      *ppsTopBBOX = psNode;
      return TRUE;
    }
    *ppsTopBBOX = NULL;
    return FALSE;
  } else if (psNode->pszValue && strcasecmp(psNode->pszValue, "AND") == 0) {
    return FLTGetTopBBOXInternal(psNode->psLeftNode, ppsTopBBOX, pnCount) &&
           FLTGetTopBBOXInternal(psNode->psRightNode, ppsTopBBOX, pnCount);
  } else {
    return TRUE;
  }
}

static FilterEncodingNode *FLTGetTopBBOX(FilterEncodingNode *psNode) {
  int nCount = 0;
  FilterEncodingNode *psTopBBOX = NULL;
  FLTGetTopBBOXInternal(psNode, &psTopBBOX, &nCount);
  return psTopBBOX;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                   FLTLayerSetInvalidRectIfSupported                  */
/*                                                                      */
/*  This function will set in *rect a very huge extent if the layer     */
/*  wfs_use_default_extent_for_getfeature metadata item is set to false */
/*  and the layer supports such degenerate rectangle, as a hint that    */
/*  they should not issue a spatial filter.                             */
/************************************************************************/

int FLTLayerSetInvalidRectIfSupported(layerObj *lp, rectObj *rect) {
  const char *pszUseDefaultExtent = msOWSLookupMetadata(
      &(lp->metadata), "F", "use_default_extent_for_getfeature");
  if (pszUseDefaultExtent && !CSLTestBoolean(pszUseDefaultExtent) &&
      (lp->connectiontype == MS_OGR ||
       ((lp->connectiontype == MS_PLUGIN) &&
        (strstr(lp->plugin_library, "msplugin_mssql2008") != NULL)))) {
    const rectObj rectInvalid = MS_INIT_INVALID_RECT;
    *rect = rectInvalid;
    return MS_TRUE;
  }
  return MS_FALSE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                   FLTLayerApplyPlainFilterToLayer                    */
/*                                                                      */
/* Helper function for layer virtual table architecture                 */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTLayerApplyPlainFilterToLayer(FilterEncodingNode *psNode, mapObj *map,
                                    int iLayerIndex) {
  char *pszExpression = NULL;
  int status = MS_FALSE;
  layerObj *lp = GET_LAYER(map, iLayerIndex);

  pszExpression = FLTGetCommonExpression(psNode, lp);
  if (pszExpression) {
    FilterEncodingNode *psTopBBOX;
    rectObj rect = map->extent;

    FLTLayerSetInvalidRectIfSupported(lp, &rect);

    psTopBBOX = FLTGetTopBBOX(psNode);
    if (psTopBBOX) {
      int can_remove_expression = MS_TRUE;
      const char *pszEPSG = FLTGetBBOX(psNode, &rect);
      if (pszEPSG && map->projection.numargs > 0) {
        projectionObj sProjTmp;
        msInitProjection(&sProjTmp);
        msProjectionInheritContextFrom(&sProjTmp, &map->projection);
        /* Use the non EPSG variant since axis swapping is done in
         * FLTDoAxisSwappingIfNecessary */
        if (msLoadProjectionString(&sProjTmp, pszEPSG) == 0) {
          rectObj oldRect = rect;
          msProjectRect(&sProjTmp, &map->projection, &rect);
          /* If reprojection is involved, do not remove the expression */
          if (rect.minx != oldRect.minx || rect.miny != oldRect.miny ||
              rect.maxx != oldRect.maxx || rect.maxy != oldRect.maxy) {
            can_remove_expression = MS_FALSE;
          }
        }
        msFreeProjection(&sProjTmp);
      }

      /* Small optimization: if the query is just a BBOX, then do a */
      /* msQueryByRect() */
      if (psTopBBOX == psNode && can_remove_expression) {
        msFree(pszExpression);
        pszExpression = NULL;
      }
    }

    if (map->debug == MS_DEBUGLEVEL_VVV) {
      if (pszExpression)
        msDebug("FLTLayerApplyPlainFilterToLayer(): %s, "
                "rect=%.15g,%.15g,%.15g,%.15g\n",
                pszExpression, rect.minx, rect.miny, rect.maxx, rect.maxy);
      else
        msDebug(
            "FLTLayerApplyPlainFilterToLayer(): rect=%.15g,%.15g,%.15g,%.15g\n",
            rect.minx, rect.miny, rect.maxx, rect.maxy);
    }

    status = FLTApplyFilterToLayerCommonExpressionWithRect(map, iLayerIndex,
                                                           pszExpression, rect);
    msFree(pszExpression);
  }

  return status;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*            FilterNode *FLTPaserFilterEncoding(char *szXMLString)     */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Parses an Filter Encoding XML string and creates a              */
/*      FilterEncodingNodes corresponding to the string.                */
/*      Returns a pointer to the first node or NULL if                  */
/*      unsuccessfull.                                                  */
/*      Calling function should use FreeFilterEncodingNode function     */
/*      to free memeory.                                                */
/************************************************************************/
FilterEncodingNode *FLTParseFilterEncoding(const char *szXMLString) {
  CPLXMLNode *psRoot = NULL, *psChild = NULL, *psFilter = NULL;
  FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode = NULL;

  if (szXMLString == NULL || strlen(szXMLString) == 0 ||
      (strstr(szXMLString, "Filter") == NULL))
    return NULL;

  psRoot = CPLParseXMLString(szXMLString);

  if (psRoot == NULL)
    return NULL;

  /* strip namespaces. We srtip all name spaces (#1350)*/
  CPLStripXMLNamespace(psRoot, NULL, 1);

  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*      get the root element (Filter).                                  */
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  psFilter = CPLGetXMLNode(psRoot, "=Filter");
  if (!psFilter) {
    CPLDestroyXMLNode(psRoot);
    return NULL;
  }

  psChild = psFilter->psChild;
  while (psChild) {
    if (FLTIsSupportedFilterType(psChild)) {
      psFilterNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
      FLTInsertElementInNode(psFilterNode, psChild);
      break;
    } else
      psChild = psChild->psNext;
  }

  CPLDestroyXMLNode(psRoot);

  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*      validate the node tree to make sure that all the nodes are valid.*/
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  if (!FLTValidFilterNode(psFilterNode)) {
    FLTFreeFilterEncodingNode(psFilterNode);
    return NULL;
  }

  return psFilterNode;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*      int FLTValidFilterNode(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode)        */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Validate that all the nodes are filled properly. We could       */
/*      have parts of the nodes that are correct and part which         */
/*      could be incorrect if the filter string sent is corrupted       */
/*      (eg missing a value :<PropertyName><PropertyName>)              */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTValidFilterNode(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode) {
  if (!psFilterNode)
    return 0;

  if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED)
    return 0;

  if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode) {
    const int bReturn = FLTValidFilterNode(psFilterNode->psLeftNode);
    if (bReturn == 0)
      return 0;
    else if (psFilterNode->psRightNode)
      return FLTValidFilterNode(psFilterNode->psRightNode);
  }

  return 1;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                       FLTIsGeometryFilterNodeType                    */
/************************************************************************/

static int FLTIsGeometryFilterNodeType(int eType) {
  return (eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_GEOMETRY_POINT ||
          eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_GEOMETRY_LINE ||
          eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_GEOMETRY_POLYGON);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          FLTFreeFilterEncodingNode                   */
/*                                                                      */
/*      recursive freeing of Filter Encoding nodes.                      */
/************************************************************************/
void FLTFreeFilterEncodingNode(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode) {
  if (psFilterNode) {
    if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode) {
      FLTFreeFilterEncodingNode(psFilterNode->psLeftNode);
      psFilterNode->psLeftNode = NULL;
    }
    if (psFilterNode->psRightNode) {
      FLTFreeFilterEncodingNode(psFilterNode->psRightNode);
      psFilterNode->psRightNode = NULL;
    }

    if (psFilterNode->pszSRS)
      free(psFilterNode->pszSRS);

    if (psFilterNode->pOther) {
      if (psFilterNode->pszValue != NULL &&
          strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsLike") == 0) {
        FEPropertyIsLike *propIsLike = (FEPropertyIsLike *)psFilterNode->pOther;
        if (propIsLike->pszWildCard)
          free(propIsLike->pszWildCard);
        if (propIsLike->pszSingleChar)
          free(propIsLike->pszSingleChar);
        if (propIsLike->pszEscapeChar)
          free(propIsLike->pszEscapeChar);
      } else if (FLTIsGeometryFilterNodeType(psFilterNode->eType)) {
        msFreeShape((shapeObj *)(psFilterNode->pOther));
      }
      /* else */
      /* TODO free pOther special fields */
      free(psFilterNode->pOther);
    }

    /* Cannot free pszValue before, 'cause we are testing it above */
    if (psFilterNode->pszValue)
      free(psFilterNode->pszValue);

    free(psFilterNode);
  }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                         FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode                  */
/*                                                                      */
/*      return a FilterEncoding node.                                    */
/************************************************************************/
FilterEncodingNode *FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode(void) {
  FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode = NULL;

  psFilterNode = (FilterEncodingNode *)malloc(sizeof(FilterEncodingNode));
  psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
  psFilterNode->pszValue = NULL;
  psFilterNode->pOther = NULL;
  psFilterNode->pszSRS = NULL;
  psFilterNode->psLeftNode = NULL;
  psFilterNode->psRightNode = NULL;

  return psFilterNode;
}

FilterEncodingNode *FLTCreateBinaryCompFilterEncodingNode(void) {
  FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode = NULL;

  psFilterNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
  /* used to store case sensitivity flag. Default is 0 meaning the
     comparing is case sensititive */
  psFilterNode->pOther = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int));
  (*(int *)(psFilterNode->pOther)) = 0;

  return psFilterNode;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           FLTFindGeometryNode                        */
/*                                                                      */
/************************************************************************/

static CPLXMLNode *FLTFindGeometryNode(CPLXMLNode *psXMLNode, int *pbPoint,
                                       int *pbLine, int *pbPolygon) {
  CPLXMLNode *psGMLElement = NULL;

  psGMLElement = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "Point");
  if (!psGMLElement)
    psGMLElement = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "PointType");
  if (psGMLElement)
    *pbPoint = 1;
  else {
    psGMLElement = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "Polygon");
    if (psGMLElement)
      *pbPolygon = 1;
    else if ((psGMLElement = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "MultiPolygon")))
      *pbPolygon = 1;
    else if ((psGMLElement = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "Surface")))
      *pbPolygon = 1;
    else if ((psGMLElement = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "MultiSurface")))
      *pbPolygon = 1;
    else if ((psGMLElement = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "Box")))
      *pbPolygon = 1;
    else if ((psGMLElement = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "Envelope")))
      *pbPolygon = 1;
    else if ((psGMLElement = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "LineString")))
      *pbLine = 1;
    else if ((psGMLElement = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "MultiLineString")))
      *pbLine = 1;
    else if ((psGMLElement = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "Curve")))
      *pbLine = 1;
    else if ((psGMLElement = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "MultiCurve")))
      *pbLine = 1;
    else if ((psGMLElement = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "MultiPoint")))
      *pbPoint = 1;
  }
  return psGMLElement;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           FLTGetPropertyName                         */
/************************************************************************/
static const char *FLTGetPropertyName(CPLXMLNode *psXMLNode) {
  const char *pszPropertyName;

  pszPropertyName = CPLGetXMLValue(psXMLNode, "PropertyName", NULL);
  if (pszPropertyName == NULL) /* FE 2.0 ? */
    pszPropertyName = CPLGetXMLValue(psXMLNode, "ValueReference", NULL);
  return pszPropertyName;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          FLTGetFirstChildNode                        */
/************************************************************************/
static CPLXMLNode *FLTGetFirstChildNode(CPLXMLNode *psXMLNode) {
  if (psXMLNode == NULL)
    return NULL;
  psXMLNode = psXMLNode->psChild;
  while (psXMLNode != NULL) {
    if (psXMLNode->eType == CXT_Element)
      return psXMLNode;
    psXMLNode = psXMLNode->psNext;
  }
  return NULL;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                        FLTGetNextSibblingNode                        */
/************************************************************************/
static CPLXMLNode *FLTGetNextSibblingNode(CPLXMLNode *psXMLNode) {
  if (psXMLNode == NULL)
    return NULL;
  psXMLNode = psXMLNode->psNext;
  while (psXMLNode != NULL) {
    if (psXMLNode->eType == CXT_Element)
      return psXMLNode;
    psXMLNode = psXMLNode->psNext;
  }
  return NULL;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           FLTInsertElementInNode                     */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Utility function to parse an XML node and transfer the          */
/*      contents into the Filter Encoding node structure.               */
/************************************************************************/
void FLTInsertElementInNode(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode,
                            CPLXMLNode *psXMLNode) {
  char *pszTmp = NULL;
  FilterEncodingNode *psCurFilNode = NULL;
  CPLXMLNode *psCurXMLNode = NULL;
  CPLXMLNode *psTmpNode = NULL;
  CPLXMLNode *psFeatureIdNode = NULL;
  const char *pszFeatureId = NULL;
  char *pszFeatureIdList = NULL;

  if (psFilterNode && psXMLNode && psXMLNode->pszValue) {
    psFilterNode->pszValue = msStrdup(psXMLNode->pszValue);
    psFilterNode->psLeftNode = NULL;
    psFilterNode->psRightNode = NULL;

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Logical filter. AND, OR and NOT are supported. Example of       */
    /*      filer using logical filters :                                   */
    /*      <Filter>                                                        */
    /*        <And>                                                         */
    /*          <PropertyIsGreaterThan>                                     */
    /*            <PropertyName>Person/Age</PropertyName>                   */
    /*            <Literal>50</Literal>                                     */
    /*          </PropertyIsGreaterThan>                                    */
    /*          <PropertyIsEqualTo>                                         */
    /*             <PropertyName>Person/Address/City</PropertyName>         */
    /*             <Literal>Toronto</Literal>                               */
    /*          </PropertyIsEqualTo>                                        */
    /*        </And>                                                        */
    /*      </Filter>                                                       */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    if (FLTIsLogicalFilterType(psXMLNode->pszValue)) {
      psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_LOGICAL;
      if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "AND") == 0 ||
          strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "OR") == 0) {
        CPLXMLNode *psFirstNode = FLTGetFirstChildNode(psXMLNode);
        CPLXMLNode *psSecondNode = FLTGetNextSibblingNode(psFirstNode);
        if (psFirstNode && psSecondNode) {
          /*2 operators */
          CPLXMLNode *psNextNode = FLTGetNextSibblingNode(psSecondNode);
          if (psNextNode == NULL) {
            psFilterNode->psLeftNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
            FLTInsertElementInNode(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, psFirstNode);
            psFilterNode->psRightNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
            FLTInsertElementInNode(psFilterNode->psRightNode, psSecondNode);
          } else {
            psCurXMLNode = psFirstNode;
            psCurFilNode = psFilterNode;
            while (psCurXMLNode) {
              psNextNode = FLTGetNextSibblingNode(psCurXMLNode);
              if (FLTGetNextSibblingNode(psNextNode)) {
                psCurFilNode->psLeftNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
                FLTInsertElementInNode(psCurFilNode->psLeftNode, psCurXMLNode);
                psCurFilNode->psRightNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
                psCurFilNode->psRightNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_LOGICAL;
                psCurFilNode->psRightNode->pszValue =
                    msStrdup(psFilterNode->pszValue);

                psCurFilNode = psCurFilNode->psRightNode;
                psCurXMLNode = psNextNode;
              } else { /*last 2 operators*/
                psCurFilNode->psLeftNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
                FLTInsertElementInNode(psCurFilNode->psLeftNode, psCurXMLNode);

                psCurFilNode->psRightNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
                FLTInsertElementInNode(psCurFilNode->psRightNode, psNextNode);
                break;
              }
            }
          }
        } else
          psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
      } else if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "NOT") == 0) {
        CPLXMLNode *psFirstNode = FLTGetFirstChildNode(psXMLNode);
        if (psFirstNode) {
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
          FLTInsertElementInNode(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, psFirstNode);
        } else
          psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
      } else
        psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
    } /* end if is logical */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Spatial Filter.                                                 */
    /*      BBOX :                                                          */
    /*      <Filter>                                                        */
    /*       <BBOX>                                                         */
    /*        <PropertyName>Geometry</PropertyName>                         */
    /*        <gml:Box srsName="http://www.opengis.net/gml/srs/epsg.xml#4326">*/
    /*          <gml:coordinates>13.0983,31.5899 35.5472,42.8143</gml:coordinates>*/
    /*        </gml:Box>                                                    */
    /*       </BBOX>                                                        */
    /*      </Filter>                                                       */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*       DWithin                                                        */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*      <xsd:element name="DWithin"                                     */
    /*      type="ogc:DistanceBufferType"                                   */
    /*      substitutionGroup="ogc:spatialOps"/>                            */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*      <xsd:complexType name="DistanceBufferType">                     */
    /*         <xsd:complexContent>                                         */
    /*            <xsd:extension base="ogc:SpatialOpsType">                 */
    /*               <xsd:sequence>                                         */
    /*                  <xsd:element ref="ogc:PropertyName"/>               */
    /*                  <xsd:element ref="gml:_Geometry"/>                  */
    /*                  <xsd:element name="Distance" type="ogc:DistanceType"/>*/
    /*               </xsd:sequence>                                        */
    /*            </xsd:extension>                                          */
    /*         </xsd:complexContent>                                        */
    /*      </xsd:complexType>                                              */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*       <Filter>                                                       */
    /*       <DWithin>                                                      */
    /*        <PropertyName>Geometry</PropertyName>                         */
    /*        <gml:Point>                                                   */
    /*          <gml:coordinates>13.0983,31.5899</gml:coordinates>          */
    /*        </gml:Point>                                                  */
    /*        <Distance units="url#m">10</Distance>                         */
    /*       </DWithin>                                                     */
    /*      </Filter>                                                       */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*       Intersect                                                      */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*       type="ogc:BinarySpatialOpType"
       substitutionGroup="ogc:spatialOps"/>*/
    /*      <xsd:element name="Intersects"                                  */
    /*      type="ogc:BinarySpatialOpType"                                  */
    /*      substitutionGroup="ogc:spatialOps"/>                            */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*      <xsd:complexType name="BinarySpatialOpType">                    */
    /*      <xsd:complexContent>                                            */
    /*      <xsd:extension base="ogc:SpatialOpsType">                       */
    /*      <xsd:sequence>                                                  */
    /*      <xsd:element ref="ogc:PropertyName"/>                           */
    /*      <xsd:choice>                                                    */
    /*      <xsd:element ref="gml:_Geometry"/>                              */
    /*      <xsd:element ref="gml:Box"/>                                    */
    /*      </xsd:sequence>                                                 */
    /*      </xsd:extension>                                                */
    /*      </xsd:complexContent>                                           */
    /*      </xsd:complexType>                                              */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    else if (FLTIsSpatialFilterType(psXMLNode->pszValue)) {
      psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_SPATIAL;

      if (strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "BBOX") == 0) {
        char *pszSRS = NULL;
        const char *pszPropertyName = NULL;
        CPLXMLNode *psBox = NULL, *psEnvelope = NULL;
        rectObj sBox = {0, 0, 0, 0};

        int bCoordinatesValid = 0;

        pszPropertyName = FLTGetPropertyName(psXMLNode);
        psBox = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "Box");
        if (!psBox)
          psBox = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "BoxType");

        /*FE 1.0 used box FE1.1 uses envelop*/
        if (psBox)
          bCoordinatesValid = FLTParseGMLBox(psBox, &sBox, &pszSRS);
        else if ((psEnvelope = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "Envelope")))
          bCoordinatesValid = FLTParseGMLEnvelope(psEnvelope, &sBox, &pszSRS);

        if (bCoordinatesValid) {
          /*set the srs if available*/
          if (pszSRS)
            psFilterNode->pszSRS = pszSRS;

          psFilterNode->psLeftNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME;
          /* PropertyName is optional since FE 1.1.0, in which case */
          /* the BBOX must apply to all geometry fields. As we support */
          /* currently only one geometry field, this doesn't make much */
          /* difference to further processing. */
          if (pszPropertyName != NULL) {
            psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszPropertyName);
          }

          /* coordinates */
          psFilterNode->psRightNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
          psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_BBOX;
          psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther =
              (rectObj *)msSmallMalloc(sizeof(rectObj));
          ((rectObj *)psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther)->minx = sBox.minx;
          ((rectObj *)psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther)->miny = sBox.miny;
          ((rectObj *)psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther)->maxx = sBox.maxx;
          ((rectObj *)psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther)->maxy = sBox.maxy;
        } else {
          msFree(pszSRS);
          psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
        }
      } else if (strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "DWithin") == 0 ||
                 strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "Beyond") == 0)

      {
        shapeObj *psShape = NULL;
        int bPoint = 0, bLine = 0, bPolygon = 0;
        const char *pszUnits = NULL;
        const char *pszDistance = NULL;
        const char *pszPropertyName;
        char *pszSRS = NULL;

        CPLXMLNode *psGMLElement = NULL, *psDistance = NULL;

        pszPropertyName = FLTGetPropertyName(psXMLNode);

        psGMLElement =
            FLTFindGeometryNode(psXMLNode, &bPoint, &bLine, &bPolygon);

        psDistance = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "Distance");
        if (psDistance != NULL)
          pszDistance = CPLGetXMLValue(psDistance, NULL, NULL);
        if (pszPropertyName != NULL && psGMLElement && psDistance != NULL) {
          pszUnits = CPLGetXMLValue(psDistance, "units", NULL);
          if (pszUnits == NULL) /* FE 2.0 */
            pszUnits = CPLGetXMLValue(psDistance, "uom", NULL);
          psShape = (shapeObj *)msSmallMalloc(sizeof(shapeObj));
          msInitShape(psShape);
          if (FLTShapeFromGMLTree(psGMLElement, psShape, &pszSRS)) {
            /*set the srs if available*/
            if (pszSRS)
              psFilterNode->pszSRS = pszSRS;

            psFilterNode->psLeftNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
            psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME;
            psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszPropertyName);

            psFilterNode->psRightNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
            if (bPoint)
              psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType =
                  FILTER_NODE_TYPE_GEOMETRY_POINT;
            else if (bLine)
              psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_GEOMETRY_LINE;
            else if (bPolygon)
              psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType =
                  FILTER_NODE_TYPE_GEOMETRY_POLYGON;
            psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther = (shapeObj *)psShape;
            /*the value will be distance;units*/
            psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszDistance);
            if (pszUnits) {
              psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue =
                  msStringConcatenate(psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue, ";");
              psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue = msStringConcatenate(
                  psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue, pszUnits);
            }
          } else {
            free(psShape);
            msFree(pszSRS);
            psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
          }
        } else
          psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
      } else if (strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "Intersect") == 0 ||
                 strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "Intersects") == 0 ||
                 strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "Equals") == 0 ||
                 strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "Disjoint") == 0 ||
                 strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "Touches") == 0 ||
                 strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "Crosses") == 0 ||
                 strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "Within") == 0 ||
                 strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "Contains") == 0 ||
                 strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "Overlaps") == 0) {
        shapeObj *psShape = NULL;
        int bLine = 0, bPolygon = 0, bPoint = 0;
        char *pszSRS = NULL;
        const char *pszPropertyName;

        CPLXMLNode *psGMLElement = NULL;

        pszPropertyName = FLTGetPropertyName(psXMLNode);

        psGMLElement =
            FLTFindGeometryNode(psXMLNode, &bPoint, &bLine, &bPolygon);

        if (pszPropertyName != NULL && psGMLElement) {
          psShape = (shapeObj *)msSmallMalloc(sizeof(shapeObj));
          msInitShape(psShape);
          if (FLTShapeFromGMLTree(psGMLElement, psShape, &pszSRS)) {
            /*set the srs if available*/
            if (pszSRS)
              psFilterNode->pszSRS = pszSRS;

            psFilterNode->psLeftNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
            psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME;
            psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszPropertyName);

            psFilterNode->psRightNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
            if (bPoint)
              psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType =
                  FILTER_NODE_TYPE_GEOMETRY_POINT;
            else if (bLine)
              psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_GEOMETRY_LINE;
            else if (bPolygon)
              psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType =
                  FILTER_NODE_TYPE_GEOMETRY_POLYGON;
            psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther = (shapeObj *)psShape;

          } else {
            free(psShape);
            msFree(pszSRS);
            psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
          }
        } else
          psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
      }

    } /* end of is spatial */

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Comparison Filter                                               */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    else if (FLTIsComparisonFilterType(psXMLNode->pszValue)) {
      psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_COMPARISON;
      /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
      /*      binary comaparison types. Example :                             */
      /*                                                                      */
      /*      <Filter>                                                        */
      /*        <PropertyIsEqualTo>                                           */
      /*          <PropertyName>SomeProperty</PropertyName>                   */
      /*          <Literal>100</Literal>                                      */
      /*        </PropertyIsEqualTo>                                          */
      /*      </Filter>                                                       */
      /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
      if (FLTIsBinaryComparisonFilterType(psXMLNode->pszValue)) {
        const char *pszPropertyName = FLTGetPropertyName(psXMLNode);
        if (pszPropertyName != NULL) {

          psFilterNode->psLeftNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME;
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszPropertyName);

          psTmpNode = CPLSearchXMLNode(psXMLNode, "Literal");
          if (psTmpNode) {
            const char *pszLiteral = CPLGetXMLValue(psTmpNode, NULL, NULL);

            psFilterNode->psRightNode = FLTCreateBinaryCompFilterEncodingNode();
            psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_LITERAL;

            if (pszLiteral != NULL) {
              const char *pszMatchCase;

              psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszLiteral);

              pszMatchCase = CPLGetXMLValue(psXMLNode, "matchCase", NULL);

              /*check if the matchCase attribute is set*/
              if (pszMatchCase != NULL &&
                  strcasecmp(pszMatchCase, "false") == 0) {
                (*(int *)psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther) = 1;
              }

            }
            /* special case where the user puts an empty value */
            /* for the Literal so it can end up as an empty  */
            /* string query in the expression */
            else
              psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue = NULL;
          }
        }
        if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode == NULL ||
            psFilterNode->psRightNode == NULL)
          psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
      }

      /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
      /*      PropertyIsBetween filter : extract property name and boudary    */
      /*      values. The boundary  values are stored in the right            */
      /*      node. The values are separated by a semi-column (;)             */
      /*      Eg of Filter :                                                  */
      /*      <PropertyIsBetween>                                             */
      /*         <PropertyName>DEPTH</PropertyName>                           */
      /*         <LowerBoundary><Literal>400</Literal></LowerBoundary>        */
      /*         <UpperBoundary><Literal>800</Literal></UpperBoundary>        */
      /*      </PropertyIsBetween>                                            */
      /*                                                                      */
      /*      Or                                                              */
      /*      <PropertyIsBetween>                                             */
      /*         <PropertyName>DEPTH</PropertyName>                           */
      /*         <LowerBoundary>400</LowerBoundary>                           */
      /*         <UpperBoundary>800</UpperBoundary>                           */
      /*      </PropertyIsBetween>                                            */
      /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
      else if (strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsBetween") == 0) {
        const char *pszPropertyName = FLTGetPropertyName(psXMLNode);
        CPLXMLNode *psLowerBoundary = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "LowerBoundary");
        CPLXMLNode *psUpperBoundary = CPLGetXMLNode(psXMLNode, "UpperBoundary");
        const char *pszLowerNode = NULL;
        const char *pszUpperNode = NULL;
        if (psLowerBoundary != NULL) {
          /* check if the <Literal> is there */
          if (CPLGetXMLNode(psLowerBoundary, "Literal") != NULL)
            pszLowerNode = CPLGetXMLValue(psLowerBoundary, "Literal", NULL);
          else
            pszLowerNode = CPLGetXMLValue(psLowerBoundary, NULL, NULL);
        }
        if (psUpperBoundary != NULL) {
          if (CPLGetXMLNode(psUpperBoundary, "Literal") != NULL)
            pszUpperNode = CPLGetXMLValue(psUpperBoundary, "Literal", NULL);
          else
            pszUpperNode = CPLGetXMLValue(psUpperBoundary, NULL, NULL);
        }
        if (pszPropertyName != NULL && pszLowerNode != NULL &&
            pszUpperNode != NULL) {
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();

          psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME;
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszPropertyName);

          psFilterNode->psRightNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
          psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_BOUNDARY;

          /* adding a ; between bounary values */
          const int nStrLength =
              strlen(pszLowerNode) + strlen(pszUpperNode) + 2;

          psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue =
              (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * (nStrLength));
          strcpy(psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue, pszLowerNode);
          strlcat(psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue, ";", nStrLength);
          strlcat(psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue, pszUpperNode,
                  nStrLength);

        } else
          psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;

      } /* end of PropertyIsBetween  */
      /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
      /*      PropertyIsLike                                                  */
      /*                                                                      */
      /*      <Filter>                                                        */
      /*      <PropertyIsLike wildCard="*" singleChar="#" escape="!">         */
      /*      <PropertyName>LAST_NAME</PropertyName>                          */
      /*      <Literal>JOHN*</Literal>                                        */
      /*      </PropertyIsLike>                                               */
      /*      </Filter>                                                       */
      /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
      else if (strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsLike") == 0) {
        const char *pszPropertyName = FLTGetPropertyName(psXMLNode);
        const char *pszLiteral = CPLGetXMLValue(psXMLNode, "Literal", NULL);
        const char *pszWildCard = CPLGetXMLValue(psXMLNode, "wildCard", NULL);
        const char *pszSingleChar =
            CPLGetXMLValue(psXMLNode, "singleChar", NULL);
        const char *pszEscapeChar = CPLGetXMLValue(psXMLNode, "escape", NULL);
        if (pszEscapeChar == NULL)
          pszEscapeChar = CPLGetXMLValue(psXMLNode, "escapeChar", NULL);
        if (pszPropertyName != NULL && pszLiteral != NULL &&
            pszWildCard != NULL && pszSingleChar != NULL &&
            pszEscapeChar != NULL) {
          FEPropertyIsLike *propIsLike;

          propIsLike = (FEPropertyIsLike *)malloc(sizeof(FEPropertyIsLike));

          psFilterNode->pOther = propIsLike;
          propIsLike->bCaseInsensitive = 0;
          propIsLike->pszWildCard = msStrdup(pszWildCard);
          propIsLike->pszSingleChar = msStrdup(pszSingleChar);
          propIsLike->pszEscapeChar = msStrdup(pszEscapeChar);

          pszTmp = (char *)CPLGetXMLValue(psXMLNode, "matchCase", NULL);
          if (pszTmp && strcasecmp(pszTmp, "false") == 0) {
            propIsLike->bCaseInsensitive = 1;
          }
          /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
           */
          /*      Create left and right node for the attribute and the value. */
          /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
           */
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();

          psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszPropertyName);
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME;

          psFilterNode->psRightNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();

          psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszLiteral);

          psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_LITERAL;
        } else
          psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;

      }

      else if (strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsNull") == 0) {
        const char *pszPropertyName = FLTGetPropertyName(psXMLNode);
        if (pszPropertyName != NULL) {
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszPropertyName);
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME;
        } else
          psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
      }

      else if (strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsNil") == 0) {
        const char *pszPropertyName = FLTGetPropertyName(psXMLNode);
        if (pszPropertyName != NULL) {
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszPropertyName);
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME;
        } else
          psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
      }
    }
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      FeatureId Filter                                                */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*      <ogc:Filter>                                                    */
    /*      <ogc:FeatureId fid="INWATERA_1M.1013"/>                         */
    /*      <ogc:FeatureId fid="INWATERA_1M.10"/>                           */
    /*      <ogc:FeatureId fid="INWATERA_1M.13"/>                           */
    /*      <ogc:FeatureId fid="INWATERA_1M.140"/>                          */
    /*      <ogc:FeatureId fid="INWATERA_1M.5001"/>                         */
    /*      <ogc:FeatureId fid="INWATERA_1M.2001"/>                         */
    /*      </ogc:Filter>                                                   */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*      Note that for FES1.1.0 the featureid has been depricated in     */
    /*      favor of GmlObjectId                                            */
    /*      <GmlObjectId gml:id="TREESA_1M.1234"/>                          */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*      And in FES 2.0, in favor of <fes:ResourceId rid="foo.1234"/>    */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    else if (FLTIsFeatureIdFilterType(psXMLNode->pszValue)) {
      psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_FEATUREID;
      pszFeatureIdList = NULL;

      psFeatureIdNode = psXMLNode;
      while (psFeatureIdNode) {
        pszFeatureId = CPLGetXMLValue(psFeatureIdNode, "fid", NULL);
        if (!pszFeatureId)
          pszFeatureId = CPLGetXMLValue(psFeatureIdNode, "id", NULL);
        if (!pszFeatureId)
          pszFeatureId = CPLGetXMLValue(psFeatureIdNode, "rid", NULL);

        if (pszFeatureId) {
          if (pszFeatureIdList)
            pszFeatureIdList = msStringConcatenate(pszFeatureIdList, ",");

          pszFeatureIdList =
              msStringConcatenate(pszFeatureIdList, pszFeatureId);
        }
        psFeatureIdNode = psFeatureIdNode->psNext;
      }

      if (pszFeatureIdList) {
        msFree(psFilterNode->pszValue);
        psFilterNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszFeatureIdList);
        msFree(pszFeatureIdList);
      } else
        psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Temporal Filter.                                                */
    /*
    <fes:During>
    <fes:ValueReference>gml:TimeInstant</fes:ValueReference>
    <gml:TimePeriod gml:id="TP1">
    <gml:begin>
    <gml:TimeInstant gml:id="TI1">
    <gml:timePosition>2005-05-17T00:00:00Z</gml:timePosition>
    </gml:TimeInstant>
    </gml:begin>
    <gml:end>
    <gml:TimeInstant gml:id="TI2">
    <gml:timePosition>2005-05-23T00:00:00Z</gml:timePosition>
    </gml:TimeInstant>
    </gml:end>
    </gml:TimePeriod>
    </fes:During>
    */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    else if (FLTIsTemporalFilterType(psXMLNode->pszValue)) {
      psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_TEMPORAL;

      if (strcasecmp(psXMLNode->pszValue, "During") == 0) {
        const char *pszPropertyName = NULL;
        const char *pszBeginTime;
        const char *pszEndTime;

        pszPropertyName = FLTGetPropertyName(psXMLNode);
        pszBeginTime = CPLGetXMLValue(
            psXMLNode, "TimePeriod.begin.TimeInstant.timePosition", NULL);
        if (pszBeginTime == NULL)
          pszBeginTime =
              CPLGetXMLValue(psXMLNode, "TimePeriod.beginPosition", NULL);
        pszEndTime = CPLGetXMLValue(
            psXMLNode, "TimePeriod.end.TimeInstant.timePosition", NULL);
        if (pszEndTime == NULL)
          pszEndTime =
              CPLGetXMLValue(psXMLNode, "TimePeriod.endPosition", NULL);

        if (pszPropertyName && pszBeginTime && pszEndTime &&
            strchr(pszBeginTime, '\'') == NULL &&
            strchr(pszBeginTime, '\\') == NULL &&
            strchr(pszEndTime, '\'') == NULL &&
            strchr(pszEndTime, '\\') == NULL &&
            msTimeGetResolution(pszBeginTime) >= 0 &&
            msTimeGetResolution(pszEndTime) >= 0) {

          psFilterNode->psLeftNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME;
          psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszPropertyName);

          psFilterNode->psRightNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
          psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_TIME_PERIOD;
          psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue = static_cast<char *>(
              msSmallMalloc(strlen(pszBeginTime) + strlen(pszEndTime) + 2));
          sprintf(psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue, "%s/%s", pszBeginTime,
                  pszEndTime);
        } else
          psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
      } else {
        psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_UNDEFINED;
      }

    } /* end of is temporal */
  }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*            int FLTIsLogicalFilterType((char *pszValue)                  */
/*                                                                      */
/*      return TRUE if the value of the node is of logical filter       */
/*       encoding type.                                                 */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTIsLogicalFilterType(const char *pszValue) {
  if (pszValue) {
    if (strcasecmp(pszValue, "AND") == 0 || strcasecmp(pszValue, "OR") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "NOT") == 0)
      return MS_TRUE;
  }

  return MS_FALSE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*         int FLTIsBinaryComparisonFilterType(char *pszValue)             */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Binary comparison filter type.                                  */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTIsBinaryComparisonFilterType(const char *pszValue) {
  if (pszValue) {
    if (strcasecmp(pszValue, "PropertyIsEqualTo") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "PropertyIsNotEqualTo") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "PropertyIsLessThan") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "PropertyIsGreaterThan") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "PropertyIsLessThanOrEqualTo") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "PropertyIsGreaterThanOrEqualTo") == 0)
      return MS_TRUE;
  }

  return MS_FALSE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*            int FLTIsComparisonFilterType(char *pszValue)                */
/*                                                                      */
/*      return TRUE if the value of the node is of comparison filter    */
/*      encoding type.                                                  */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTIsComparisonFilterType(const char *pszValue) {
  if (pszValue) {
    if (FLTIsBinaryComparisonFilterType(pszValue) ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "PropertyIsLike") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "PropertyIsBetween") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "PropertyIsNull") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "PropertyIsNil") == 0)
      return MS_TRUE;
  }

  return MS_FALSE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*            int FLTIsFeatureIdFilterType(char *pszValue)              */
/*                                                                      */
/*      return TRUE if the value of the node is of featureid filter     */
/*      encoding type.                                                  */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTIsFeatureIdFilterType(const char *pszValue) {
  if (pszValue && (strcasecmp(pszValue, "FeatureId") == 0 ||
                   strcasecmp(pszValue, "GmlObjectId") == 0 ||
                   strcasecmp(pszValue, "ResourceId") == 0))

    return MS_TRUE;

  return MS_FALSE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*            int FLTIsSpatialFilterType(char *pszValue)                */
/*                                                                      */
/*      return TRUE if the value of the node is of spatial filter       */
/*      encoding type.                                                  */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTIsSpatialFilterType(const char *pszValue) {
  if (pszValue) {
    if (strcasecmp(pszValue, "BBOX") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "DWithin") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "Intersect") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "Intersects") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "Equals") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "Disjoint") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "Touches") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "Crosses") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "Within") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "Contains") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "Overlaps") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(pszValue, "Beyond") == 0)
      return MS_TRUE;
  }

  return MS_FALSE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*            int FLTIsTemportalFilterType(char *pszValue)              */
/*                                                                      */
/*      return TRUE if the value of the node is of temporal filter      */
/*      encoding type.                                                  */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTIsTemporalFilterType(const char *pszValue) {
  if (pszValue) {
    if (strcasecmp(pszValue, "During") == 0)
      return MS_TRUE;
  }

  return MS_FALSE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*           int FLTIsSupportedFilterType(CPLXMLNode *psXMLNode)           */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Verfify if the value of the node is one of the supported        */
/*      filter type.                                                    */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTIsSupportedFilterType(CPLXMLNode *psXMLNode) {
  if (psXMLNode) {
    if (FLTIsLogicalFilterType(psXMLNode->pszValue) ||
        FLTIsSpatialFilterType(psXMLNode->pszValue) ||
        FLTIsComparisonFilterType(psXMLNode->pszValue) ||
        FLTIsFeatureIdFilterType(psXMLNode->pszValue) ||
        FLTIsTemporalFilterType(psXMLNode->pszValue))
      return MS_TRUE;
  }

  return MS_FALSE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          FLTNumberOfFilterType                       */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Loop trhough the nodes and return the number of nodes of        */
/*      specified value.                                                */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTNumberOfFilterType(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode,
                          const char *szType) {
  int nCount = 0;
  int nLeftNode = 0, nRightNode = 0;

  if (!psFilterNode || !szType || !psFilterNode->pszValue)
    return 0;

  if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, (char *)szType) == 0)
    nCount++;

  if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode)
    nLeftNode = FLTNumberOfFilterType(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, szType);

  nCount += nLeftNode;

  if (psFilterNode->psRightNode)
    nRightNode = FLTNumberOfFilterType(psFilterNode->psRightNode, szType);
  nCount += nRightNode;

  return nCount;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          FLTValidForBBoxFilter                       */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Validate if there is only one BBOX filter node. Here is waht    */
/*      is supported (is valid) :                                       */
/*        - one node which is a BBOX                                    */
/*        - a logical AND with a valid BBOX                             */
/*                                                                      */
/*      eg 1: <Filter>                                                  */
/*            <BBOX>                                                    */
/*              <PropertyName>Geometry</PropertyName>                   */
/*              <gml:Box
 * srsName="http://www.opengis.net/gml/srs/epsg.xml#4326">*/
/*                <gml:coordinates>13.0983,31.5899 35.5472,42.8143</gml:coordinates>*/
/*              </gml:Box>                                              */
/*            </BBOX>                                                   */
/*          </Filter>                                                   */
/*                                                                      */
/*      eg 2 :<Filter>                                                  */
/*              <AND>                                                   */
/*               <BBOX>                                                 */
/*                <PropertyName>Geometry</PropertyName>                  */
/*                <gml:Box
 * srsName="http://www.opengis.net/gml/srs/epsg.xml#4326">*/
/*                  <gml:coordinates>13.0983,31.5899 35.5472,42.8143</gml:coordinates>*/
/*                </gml:Box>                                            */
/*               </BBOX>                                                */
/*               <PropertyIsEqualTo>                                    */
/*               <PropertyName>SomeProperty</PropertyName>              */
/*                <Literal>100</Literal>                                */
/*              </PropertyIsEqualTo>                                    */
/*             </AND>                                                   */
/*           </Filter>                                                  */
/*                                                                      */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTValidForBBoxFilter(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode) {
  int nCount = 0;

  if (!psFilterNode || !psFilterNode->pszValue)
    return 1;

  nCount = FLTNumberOfFilterType(psFilterNode, "BBOX");

  if (nCount > 1)
    return 0;
  else if (nCount == 0)
    return 1;

  /* nCount ==1  */
  if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "BBOX") == 0)
    return 1;

  if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "AND") == 0) {
    return FLTValidForBBoxFilter(psFilterNode->psLeftNode) &&
           FLTValidForBBoxFilter(psFilterNode->psRightNode);
  }

  return 0;
}

#if 0
static int FLTHasUniqueTopLevelDuringFilter(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode)
{
  int nCount = 0;

  if (!psFilterNode || !psFilterNode->pszValue)
    return 1;

  nCount = FLTNumberOfFilterType(psFilterNode, "During");

  if (nCount > 1)
    return 0;
  else if (nCount == 0)
    return 1;

  /* nCount ==1  */
  if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "During") == 0)
    return 1;

  if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "AND") == 0) {
    return FLTHasUniqueTopLevelDuringFilter(psFilterNode->psLeftNode) &&
           FLTHasUniqueTopLevelDuringFilter(psFilterNode->psRightNode);
  }

  return 0;
}
#endif

int FLTIsLineFilter(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode) {
  if (!psFilterNode || !psFilterNode->pszValue)
    return 0;

  if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_SPATIAL &&
      psFilterNode->psRightNode &&
      psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_GEOMETRY_LINE)
    return 1;

  return 0;
}

int FLTIsPolygonFilter(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode) {
  if (!psFilterNode || !psFilterNode->pszValue)
    return 0;

  if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_SPATIAL &&
      psFilterNode->psRightNode &&
      psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_GEOMETRY_POLYGON)
    return 1;

  return 0;
}

int FLTIsPointFilter(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode) {
  if (!psFilterNode || !psFilterNode->pszValue)
    return 0;

  if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_SPATIAL &&
      psFilterNode->psRightNode &&
      psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_GEOMETRY_POINT)
    return 1;

  return 0;
}

int FLTIsBBoxFilter(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode) {
  if (!psFilterNode || !psFilterNode->pszValue)
    return 0;

  if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "BBOX") == 0)
    return 1;

  return 0;
}

shapeObj *FLTGetShape(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode, double *pdfDistance,
                      int *pnUnit) {
  char **tokens = NULL;
  int nTokens = 0;
  FilterEncodingNode *psNode = psFilterNode;
  char *szUnitStr = NULL;
  char *szUnit = NULL;

  if (psNode) {
    if (psNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_SPATIAL && psNode->psRightNode)
      psNode = psNode->psRightNode;

    if (FLTIsGeometryFilterNodeType(psNode->eType)) {

      if (psNode->pszValue && pdfDistance) {
        /*
        sytnax expected is "distance;unit" or just "distance"
        if unit is there syntax is "URI#unit" (eg http://..../#m)
        or just "unit"
        */
        tokens = msStringSplit(psNode->pszValue, ';', &nTokens);
        if (tokens && nTokens >= 1) {
          *pdfDistance = atof(tokens[0]);

          if (nTokens == 2 && pnUnit) {
            szUnitStr = msStrdup(tokens[1]);
            msFreeCharArray(tokens, nTokens);
            nTokens = 0;
            tokens = msStringSplit(szUnitStr, '#', &nTokens);
            msFree(szUnitStr);
            if (tokens && nTokens >= 1) {
              if (nTokens == 1)
                szUnit = tokens[0];
              else
                szUnit = tokens[1];

              if (strcasecmp(szUnit, "m") == 0 ||
                  strcasecmp(szUnit, "meters") == 0)
                *pnUnit = MS_METERS;
              else if (strcasecmp(szUnit, "km") == 0 ||
                       strcasecmp(szUnit, "kilometers") == 0)
                *pnUnit = MS_KILOMETERS;
              else if (strcasecmp(szUnit, "NM") == 0 ||
                       strcasecmp(szUnit, "nauticalmiles") == 0)
                *pnUnit = MS_NAUTICALMILES;
              else if (strcasecmp(szUnit, "mi") == 0 ||
                       strcasecmp(szUnit, "miles") == 0)
                *pnUnit = MS_MILES;
              else if (strcasecmp(szUnit, "in") == 0 ||
                       strcasecmp(szUnit, "inches") == 0)
                *pnUnit = MS_INCHES;
              else if (strcasecmp(szUnit, "ft") == 0 ||
                       strcasecmp(szUnit, "feet") == 0)
                *pnUnit = MS_FEET;
              else if (strcasecmp(szUnit, "deg") == 0 ||
                       strcasecmp(szUnit, "dd") == 0)
                *pnUnit = MS_DD;
              else if (strcasecmp(szUnit, "px") == 0)
                *pnUnit = MS_PIXELS;
            }
          }
        }
        msFreeCharArray(tokens, nTokens);
      }

      return (shapeObj *)psNode->pOther;
    }
  }
  return NULL;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                                FLTGetBBOX                            */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Loop through the nodes are return the coordinates of the        */
/*      first bbox node found. The retrun value is the epsg code of     */
/*      the bbox.                                                       */
/************************************************************************/
const char *FLTGetBBOX(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode, rectObj *psRect) {
  const char *pszReturn = NULL;

  if (!psFilterNode || !psRect)
    return NULL;

  if (psFilterNode->pszValue &&
      strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "BBOX") == 0) {
    if (psFilterNode->psRightNode && psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther) {
      rectObj *pRect = (rectObj *)psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther;
      psRect->minx = pRect->minx;
      psRect->miny = pRect->miny;
      psRect->maxx = pRect->maxx;
      psRect->maxy = pRect->maxy;

      return psFilterNode->pszSRS;
    }
  } else {
    pszReturn = FLTGetBBOX(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, psRect);
    if (pszReturn)
      return pszReturn;
    else
      return FLTGetBBOX(psFilterNode->psRightNode, psRect);
  }

  return pszReturn;
}

const char *FLTGetDuring(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode,
                         const char **ppszTimeField) {
  const char *pszReturn = NULL;

  if (!psFilterNode || !ppszTimeField)
    return NULL;

  if (psFilterNode->pszValue &&
      strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "During") == 0) {
    *ppszTimeField = psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue;
    return psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue;
  } else {
    pszReturn = FLTGetDuring(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, ppszTimeField);
    if (pszReturn)
      return pszReturn;
    else
      return FLTGetDuring(psFilterNode->psRightNode, ppszTimeField);
  }

  return pszReturn;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           FLTGetSQLExpression                        */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Build SQL expressions from the mapserver nodes.                 */
/************************************************************************/
char *FLTGetSQLExpression(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode, layerObj *lp) {
  char *pszExpression = NULL;

  if (psFilterNode == NULL || lp == NULL)
    return NULL;

  if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_COMPARISON) {
    if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode && psFilterNode->psRightNode) {
      if (FLTIsBinaryComparisonFilterType(psFilterNode->pszValue)) {
        pszExpression = FLTGetBinaryComparisonSQLExpresssion(psFilterNode, lp);
      } else if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsBetween") == 0) {
        pszExpression =
            FLTGetIsBetweenComparisonSQLExpresssion(psFilterNode, lp);
      } else if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsLike") == 0) {
        pszExpression = FLTGetIsLikeComparisonSQLExpression(psFilterNode, lp);
      }
    }
  } else if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_LOGICAL) {
    if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "AND") == 0 ||
        strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "OR") == 0) {
      pszExpression = FLTGetLogicalComparisonSQLExpresssion(psFilterNode, lp);

    } else if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "NOT") == 0) {
      pszExpression = FLTGetLogicalComparisonSQLExpresssion(psFilterNode, lp);
    }
  }

  else if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_SPATIAL) {
    /* TODO */
  } else if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_FEATUREID) {
#if defined(USE_WMS_SVR) || defined(USE_WFS_SVR) || defined(USE_WCS_SVR) ||    \
    defined(USE_SOS_SVR)
    if (psFilterNode->pszValue) {
      const char *pszAttribute =
          msOWSLookupMetadata(&(lp->metadata), "OFG", "featureid");
      if (pszAttribute) {
        int nTokens = 0;
        char **tokens = msStringSplit(psFilterNode->pszValue, ',', &nTokens);
        int bString = 0;
        if (tokens && nTokens > 0) {
          for (int i = 0; i < nTokens; i++) {
            char *pszEscapedStr = NULL;
            const char *pszId = tokens[i];
            const char *pszDot = strchr(pszId, '.');
            if (pszDot)
              pszId = pszDot + 1;

            if (strlen(pszId) <= 0)
              continue;

            if (FLTIsNumeric(pszId) == MS_FALSE)
              bString = 1;

            pszEscapedStr = msLayerEscapeSQLParam(lp, pszId);
            char szTmp[256];
            if (bString) {
              if (lp->connectiontype == MS_OGR ||
                  lp->connectiontype == MS_POSTGIS)
                snprintf(szTmp, sizeof(szTmp),
                         "(CAST(%s AS CHARACTER(255)) = '%s')", pszAttribute,
                         pszEscapedStr);
              else
                snprintf(szTmp, sizeof(szTmp), "(%s = '%s')", pszAttribute,
                         pszEscapedStr);
            } else
              snprintf(szTmp, sizeof(szTmp), "(%s = %s)", pszAttribute,
                       pszEscapedStr);

            msFree(pszEscapedStr);
            pszEscapedStr = NULL;

            if (pszExpression != NULL)
              pszExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszExpression, " OR ");
            else
              /*opening and closing brackets*/
              pszExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszExpression, "(");

            pszExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszExpression, szTmp);
          }
        }
        msFreeCharArray(tokens, nTokens);
      }
      /*opening and closing brackets*/
      if (pszExpression)
        pszExpression = msStringConcatenate(pszExpression, ")");
    }
#else
    msSetError(MS_MISCERR, "OWS support is not available.",
               "FLTGetSQLExpression()");
    return NULL;
#endif

  } else if (lp->connectiontype != MS_OGR &&
             psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_TEMPORAL)
    pszExpression = msStrdup(FLTGetTimeExpression(psFilterNode, lp).c_str());

  return pszExpression;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                     FLTGetLogicalComparisonSQLExpresssion            */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Return the expression for logical comparison expression.        */
/************************************************************************/
char *FLTGetLogicalComparisonSQLExpresssion(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode,
                                            layerObj *lp) {
  char *pszBuffer = NULL;
  char *pszTmp = NULL;

  if (lp == NULL)
    return NULL;

  /* ==================================================================== */
  /*      special case for BBOX node.                                     */
  /* ==================================================================== */
  if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode && psFilterNode->psRightNode &&
      ((strcasecmp(psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue, "BBOX") == 0) ||
       (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue, "BBOX") == 0))) {
    if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue, "BBOX") != 0)
      pszTmp = FLTGetSQLExpression(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, lp);
    else
      pszTmp = FLTGetSQLExpression(psFilterNode->psRightNode, lp);

    if (!pszTmp)
      return NULL;

    pszBuffer = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * (strlen(pszTmp) + 1));
    sprintf(pszBuffer, "%s", pszTmp);
  }

  /* ==================================================================== */
  /*      special case for temporal filter node (OGR layer only)          */
  /* ==================================================================== */
  else if (lp->connectiontype == MS_OGR && psFilterNode->psLeftNode &&
           psFilterNode->psRightNode &&
           (psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_TEMPORAL ||
            psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_TEMPORAL)) {
    if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType != FILTER_NODE_TYPE_TEMPORAL)
      pszTmp = FLTGetSQLExpression(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, lp);
    else
      pszTmp = FLTGetSQLExpression(psFilterNode->psRightNode, lp);

    if (!pszTmp)
      return NULL;

    pszBuffer = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * (strlen(pszTmp) + 1));
    sprintf(pszBuffer, "%s", pszTmp);
  }

  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*      OR and AND                                                      */
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  else if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode && psFilterNode->psRightNode) {
    pszTmp = FLTGetSQLExpression(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, lp);
    if (!pszTmp)
      return NULL;

    pszBuffer = (char *)malloc(
        sizeof(char) * (strlen(pszTmp) + strlen(psFilterNode->pszValue) + 5));
    pszBuffer[0] = '\0';
    strcat(pszBuffer, " (");
    strcat(pszBuffer, pszTmp);
    strcat(pszBuffer, " ");
    strcat(pszBuffer, psFilterNode->pszValue);
    strcat(pszBuffer, " ");

    free(pszTmp);

    const size_t nTmp = strlen(pszBuffer);
    pszTmp = FLTGetSQLExpression(psFilterNode->psRightNode, lp);
    if (!pszTmp) {
      free(pszBuffer);
      return NULL;
    }

    pszBuffer = (char *)msSmallRealloc(
        pszBuffer, sizeof(char) * (strlen(pszTmp) + nTmp + 3));
    strcat(pszBuffer, pszTmp);
    strcat(pszBuffer, ") ");
  }
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*      NOT                                                             */
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  else if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode &&
           strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "NOT") == 0) {
    pszTmp = FLTGetSQLExpression(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, lp);
    if (!pszTmp)
      return NULL;

    pszBuffer = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * (strlen(pszTmp) + 9));
    pszBuffer[0] = '\0';

    strcat(pszBuffer, " (NOT ");
    strcat(pszBuffer, pszTmp);
    strcat(pszBuffer, ") ");
  } else
    return NULL;

  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*      Cleanup.                                                        */
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  if (pszTmp != NULL)
    free(pszTmp);
  return pszBuffer;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                      FLTGetBinaryComparisonSQLExpresssion            */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Return the expression for a binary comparison filter node.      */
/************************************************************************/
char *FLTGetBinaryComparisonSQLExpresssion(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode,
                                           layerObj *lp) {
  const size_t bufferSize = 1024;
  char szBuffer[1024];
  int bString = 0;
  char szTmp[256];
  char *pszEscapedStr = NULL;

  szBuffer[0] = '\0';
  if (!psFilterNode || !FLTIsBinaryComparisonFilterType(psFilterNode->pszValue))
    return NULL;

  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*      check if the value is a numeric value or alphanumeric. If it    */
  /*      is alphanumeric, add quotes around attribute and values.        */
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  bString = 0;
  if (psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue) {
    const char *pszOFGType;
    snprintf(szTmp, sizeof(szTmp), "%s_type",
             psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue);
    pszOFGType = msOWSLookupMetadata(&(lp->metadata), "OFG", szTmp);
    if (pszOFGType != NULL && strcasecmp(pszOFGType, "Character") == 0)
      bString = 1;

    else if (FLTIsNumeric(psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue) == MS_FALSE)
      bString = 1;
  }

  /* specical case to be able to have empty strings in the expression. */
  if (psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue == NULL)
    bString = 1;

  /*opening bracket*/
  strlcat(szBuffer, " (", bufferSize);

  pszEscapedStr =
      msLayerEscapePropertyName(lp, psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue);

  /* attribute */
  /*case insensitive set ? */
  if (bString && strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsEqualTo") == 0 &&
      psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther &&
      (*(int *)psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther) == 1) {
    snprintf(szTmp, sizeof(szTmp), "lower(%s) ", pszEscapedStr);
    strlcat(szBuffer, szTmp, bufferSize);
  } else
    strlcat(szBuffer, pszEscapedStr, bufferSize);

  msFree(pszEscapedStr);
  pszEscapedStr = NULL;

  /* logical operator */
  if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsEqualTo") == 0)
    strlcat(szBuffer, "=", bufferSize);
  else if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsNotEqualTo") == 0)
    strlcat(szBuffer, "<>", bufferSize);
  else if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsLessThan") == 0)
    strlcat(szBuffer, "<", bufferSize);
  else if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsGreaterThan") == 0)
    strlcat(szBuffer, ">", bufferSize);
  else if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsLessThanOrEqualTo") ==
           0)
    strlcat(szBuffer, "<=", bufferSize);
  else if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue,
                      "PropertyIsGreaterThanOrEqualTo") == 0)
    strlcat(szBuffer, ">=", bufferSize);

  strlcat(szBuffer, " ", bufferSize);

  /* value */

  if (bString && psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue &&
      strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsEqualTo") == 0 &&
      psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther &&
      (*(int *)psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther) == 1) {
    char *pszEscapedStr;
    pszEscapedStr =
        msLayerEscapeSQLParam(lp, psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue);
    snprintf(szTmp, sizeof(szTmp), "lower('%s') ", pszEscapedStr);
    msFree(pszEscapedStr);
    strlcat(szBuffer, szTmp, bufferSize);
  } else {
    if (bString)
      strlcat(szBuffer, "'", bufferSize);

    if (psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue) {
      if (bString) {
        char *pszEscapedStr;
        pszEscapedStr =
            msLayerEscapeSQLParam(lp, psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue);
        strlcat(szBuffer, pszEscapedStr, bufferSize);
        msFree(pszEscapedStr);
        pszEscapedStr = NULL;
      } else
        strlcat(szBuffer, psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue, bufferSize);
    }

    if (bString)
      strlcat(szBuffer, "'", bufferSize);
  }
  /*closing bracket*/
  strlcat(szBuffer, ") ", bufferSize);

  return msStrdup(szBuffer);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                    FLTGetIsBetweenComparisonSQLExpresssion           */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Build an SQL expresssion for IsBteween Filter.                  */
/************************************************************************/
char *FLTGetIsBetweenComparisonSQLExpresssion(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode,
                                              layerObj *lp) {
  const size_t bufferSize = 1024;
  char szBuffer[1024];
  char **aszBounds = NULL;
  int nBounds = 0;
  int bString = 0;
  char szTmp[256];
  char *pszEscapedStr;

  szBuffer[0] = '\0';
  if (!psFilterNode ||
      !(strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsBetween") == 0))
    return NULL;

  if (!psFilterNode->psLeftNode || !psFilterNode->psRightNode)
    return NULL;

  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*      Get the bounds value which are stored like boundmin;boundmax    */
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  aszBounds = msStringSplit(psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue, ';', &nBounds);
  if (nBounds != 2) {
    msFreeCharArray(aszBounds, nBounds);
    return NULL;
  }
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*      check if the value is a numeric value or alphanumeric. If it    */
  /*      is alphanumeric, add quotes around attribute and values.        */
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  bString = 0;
  if (aszBounds[0]) {
    const char *pszOFGType;
    snprintf(szTmp, sizeof(szTmp), "%s_type",
             psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue);
    pszOFGType = msOWSLookupMetadata(&(lp->metadata), "OFG", szTmp);
    if (pszOFGType != NULL && strcasecmp(pszOFGType, "Character") == 0)
      bString = 1;
    else if (FLTIsNumeric(aszBounds[0]) == MS_FALSE)
      bString = 1;
  }
  if (!bString) {
    if (aszBounds[1]) {
      if (FLTIsNumeric(aszBounds[1]) == MS_FALSE)
        bString = 1;
    }
  }

  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*      build expresssion.                                              */
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*opening paranthesis */
  strlcat(szBuffer, " (", bufferSize);

  /* attribute */
  pszEscapedStr =
      msLayerEscapePropertyName(lp, psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue);

  strlcat(szBuffer, pszEscapedStr, bufferSize);
  msFree(pszEscapedStr);
  pszEscapedStr = NULL;

  /*between*/
  strlcat(szBuffer, " BETWEEN ", bufferSize);

  /*bound 1*/
  if (bString)
    strlcat(szBuffer, "'", bufferSize);
  pszEscapedStr = msLayerEscapeSQLParam(lp, aszBounds[0]);
  strlcat(szBuffer, pszEscapedStr, bufferSize);
  msFree(pszEscapedStr);
  pszEscapedStr = NULL;

  if (bString)
    strlcat(szBuffer, "'", bufferSize);

  strlcat(szBuffer, " AND ", bufferSize);

  /*bound 2*/
  if (bString)
    strlcat(szBuffer, "'", bufferSize);
  pszEscapedStr = msLayerEscapeSQLParam(lp, aszBounds[1]);
  strlcat(szBuffer, pszEscapedStr, bufferSize);
  msFree(pszEscapedStr);
  pszEscapedStr = NULL;

  if (bString)
    strlcat(szBuffer, "'", bufferSize);

  /*closing paranthesis*/
  strlcat(szBuffer, ")", bufferSize);

  msFreeCharArray(aszBounds, nBounds);

  return msStrdup(szBuffer);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                      FLTGetIsLikeComparisonSQLExpression             */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Build an sql expression for IsLike filter.                      */
/************************************************************************/
char *FLTGetIsLikeComparisonSQLExpression(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode,
                                          layerObj *lp) {
  const size_t bufferSize = 1024;
  char szBuffer[1024];
  char *pszValue = NULL;

  const char *pszWild = NULL;
  const char *pszSingle = NULL;
  const char *pszEscape = NULL;
  char szTmp[4];

  int nLength = 0, i = 0, j = 0;
  int bCaseInsensitive = 0;

  char *pszEscapedStr = NULL;
  FEPropertyIsLike *propIsLike;

  if (!psFilterNode || !psFilterNode->pOther || !psFilterNode->psLeftNode ||
      !psFilterNode->psRightNode || !psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue)
    return NULL;

  propIsLike = (FEPropertyIsLike *)psFilterNode->pOther;
  pszWild = propIsLike->pszWildCard;
  pszSingle = propIsLike->pszSingleChar;
  pszEscape = propIsLike->pszEscapeChar;
  bCaseInsensitive = propIsLike->bCaseInsensitive;

  if (!pszWild || strlen(pszWild) == 0 || !pszSingle ||
      strlen(pszSingle) == 0 || !pszEscape || strlen(pszEscape) == 0)
    return NULL;

  if (pszEscape[0] == '\'') {
    /* This might be valid, but the risk of SQL injection is too high */
    /* and the below code is not ready for that */
    /* Someone who does this has clearly suspect intentions ! */
    msSetError(
        MS_MISCERR,
        "Single quote character is not allowed as an escaping character.",
        "FLTGetIsLikeComparisonSQLExpression()");
    return NULL;
  }

  szBuffer[0] = '\0';
  /*opening bracket*/
  strlcat(szBuffer, " (", bufferSize);

  /* attribute name */
  pszEscapedStr =
      msLayerEscapePropertyName(lp, psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue);

  strlcat(szBuffer, pszEscapedStr, bufferSize);
  msFree(pszEscapedStr);
  pszEscapedStr = NULL;

  if (lp->connectiontype == MS_POSTGIS) {
    if (bCaseInsensitive == 1)
      strlcat(szBuffer, "::text ilike '", bufferSize);
    else
      strlcat(szBuffer, "::text like '", bufferSize);
  } else
    strlcat(szBuffer, " like '", bufferSize);

  pszValue = psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue;
  nLength = strlen(pszValue);

  pszEscapedStr = (char *)msSmallMalloc(3 * nLength + 1);

  for (i = 0, j = 0; i < nLength; i++) {
    char c = pszValue[i];
    if (c != pszWild[0] && c != pszSingle[0] && c != pszEscape[0]) {
      if (c == '\'') {
        pszEscapedStr[j++] = '\'';
        pszEscapedStr[j++] = '\'';
      } else if (c == '\\') {
        pszEscapedStr[j++] = '\\';
        pszEscapedStr[j++] = '\\';
      } else
        pszEscapedStr[j++] = c;
    } else if (c == pszSingle[0]) {
      pszEscapedStr[j++] = '_';
    } else if (c == pszEscape[0]) {
      pszEscapedStr[j++] = pszEscape[0];
      if (i + 1 < nLength) {
        char nextC = pszValue[i + 1];
        i++;
        if (nextC == '\'') {
          pszEscapedStr[j++] = '\'';
          pszEscapedStr[j++] = '\'';
        } else
          pszEscapedStr[j++] = nextC;
      }
    } else if (c == pszWild[0]) {
      pszEscapedStr[j++] = '%';
    }
  }
  pszEscapedStr[j++] = 0;
  strlcat(szBuffer, pszEscapedStr, bufferSize);
  msFree(pszEscapedStr);

  strlcat(szBuffer, "'", bufferSize);
  if (lp->connectiontype != MS_OGR) {
    if (lp->connectiontype == MS_POSTGIS && pszEscape[0] == '\\')
      strlcat(szBuffer, " escape E'", bufferSize);
    else
      strlcat(szBuffer, " escape '", bufferSize);
    szTmp[0] = pszEscape[0];
    if (pszEscape[0] == '\\') {
      szTmp[1] = '\\';
      szTmp[2] = '\'';
      szTmp[3] = '\0';
    } else {
      szTmp[1] = '\'';
      szTmp[2] = '\0';
    }

    strlcat(szBuffer, szTmp, bufferSize);
  }
  strlcat(szBuffer, ") ", bufferSize);

  return msStrdup(szBuffer);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           FLTHasSpatialFilter                        */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Utility function to see if a spatial filter is included in      */
/*      the node.                                                       */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTHasSpatialFilter(FilterEncodingNode *psNode) {
  int bResult = MS_FALSE;

  if (!psNode)
    return MS_FALSE;

  if (psNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_LOGICAL) {
    if (psNode->psLeftNode)
      bResult = FLTHasSpatialFilter(psNode->psLeftNode);

    if (bResult)
      return MS_TRUE;

    if (psNode->psRightNode)
      bResult = FLTHasSpatialFilter(psNode->psRightNode);

    if (bResult)
      return MS_TRUE;
  } else if (FLTIsBBoxFilter(psNode) || FLTIsPointFilter(psNode) ||
             FLTIsLineFilter(psNode) || FLTIsPolygonFilter(psNode))
    return MS_TRUE;

  return MS_FALSE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                     FLTCreateFeatureIdFilterEncoding                 */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Utility function to create a filter node of FeatureId type.     */
/************************************************************************/
FilterEncodingNode *FLTCreateFeatureIdFilterEncoding(const char *pszString) {
  FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode = NULL;

  if (pszString) {
    psFilterNode = FLTCreateFilterEncodingNode();
    psFilterNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_FEATUREID;
    psFilterNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszString);
    return psFilterNode;
  }
  return NULL;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                              FLTParseGMLBox                          */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Parse gml box. Used for FE 1.0                                  */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTParseGMLBox(CPLXMLNode *psBox, rectObj *psBbox, char **ppszSRS) {
  int bCoordinatesValid = 0;
  CPLXMLNode *psCoordinates = NULL;
  CPLXMLNode *psCoord1 = NULL, *psCoord2 = NULL;
  char **papszCoords = NULL, **papszMin = NULL, **papszMax = NULL;
  int nCoords = 0, nCoordsMin = 0, nCoordsMax = 0;
  const char *pszTmpCoord = NULL;
  const char *pszSRS = NULL;
  const char *pszTS = NULL;
  const char *pszCS = NULL;
  double minx = 0.0, miny = 0.0, maxx = 0.0, maxy = 0.0;

  if (psBox) {
    pszSRS = CPLGetXMLValue(psBox, "srsName", NULL);
    if (ppszSRS && pszSRS)
      *ppszSRS = msStrdup(pszSRS);

    psCoordinates = CPLGetXMLNode(psBox, "coordinates");
    pszTS = CPLGetXMLValue(psCoordinates, "ts", NULL);
    if (pszTS == NULL)
      pszTS = " ";
    pszCS = CPLGetXMLValue(psCoordinates, "cs", NULL);
    if (pszCS == NULL)
      pszCS = ",";
    pszTmpCoord = CPLGetXMLValue(psCoordinates, NULL, NULL);

    if (pszTmpCoord) {
      papszCoords = msStringSplit(pszTmpCoord, pszTS[0], &nCoords);
      if (papszCoords && nCoords == 2) {
        papszMin = msStringSplit(papszCoords[0], pszCS[0], &nCoordsMin);
        if (papszMin && nCoordsMin == 2) {
          papszMax = msStringSplit(papszCoords[1], pszCS[0], &nCoordsMax);
        }
        if (papszMax && nCoordsMax == 2) {
          bCoordinatesValid = 1;
          minx = atof(papszMin[0]);
          miny = atof(papszMin[1]);
          maxx = atof(papszMax[0]);
          maxy = atof(papszMax[1]);
        }

        msFreeCharArray(papszMin, nCoordsMin);
        msFreeCharArray(papszMax, nCoordsMax);
      }

      msFreeCharArray(papszCoords, nCoords);
    } else {
      psCoord1 = CPLGetXMLNode(psBox, "coord");
      psCoord2 = FLTGetNextSibblingNode(psCoord1);
      if (psCoord1 && psCoord2 && strcmp(psCoord2->pszValue, "coord") == 0) {
        const char *pszX = CPLGetXMLValue(psCoord1, "X", NULL);
        const char *pszY = CPLGetXMLValue(psCoord1, "Y", NULL);
        if (pszX && pszY) {
          minx = atof(pszX);
          miny = atof(pszY);

          pszX = CPLGetXMLValue(psCoord2, "X", NULL);
          pszY = CPLGetXMLValue(psCoord2, "Y", NULL);
          if (pszX && pszY) {
            maxx = atof(pszX);
            maxy = atof(pszY);
            bCoordinatesValid = 1;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  if (bCoordinatesValid) {
    psBbox->minx = minx;
    psBbox->miny = miny;

    psBbox->maxx = maxx;
    psBbox->maxy = maxy;
  }

  return bCoordinatesValid;
}
/************************************************************************/
/*                           FLTParseGMLEnvelope                        */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Utility function to parse a gml:Envelope (used for SOS and FE1.1)*/
/************************************************************************/
int FLTParseGMLEnvelope(CPLXMLNode *psRoot, rectObj *psBbox, char **ppszSRS) {
  CPLXMLNode *psUpperCorner = NULL, *psLowerCorner = NULL;
  const char *pszLowerCorner = NULL, *pszUpperCorner = NULL;
  int bValid = 0;
  char **tokens;
  int n;

  if (psRoot && psBbox && psRoot->eType == CXT_Element &&
      EQUAL(psRoot->pszValue, "Envelope")) {
    /*Get the srs if available*/
    if (ppszSRS) {
      const char *pszSRS = CPLGetXMLValue(psRoot, "srsName", NULL);
      if (pszSRS != NULL)
        *ppszSRS = msStrdup(pszSRS);
    }
    psLowerCorner = CPLSearchXMLNode(psRoot, "lowerCorner");
    psUpperCorner = CPLSearchXMLNode(psRoot, "upperCorner");

    if (psLowerCorner && psUpperCorner) {
      pszLowerCorner = CPLGetXMLValue(psLowerCorner, NULL, NULL);
      pszUpperCorner = CPLGetXMLValue(psUpperCorner, NULL, NULL);

      if (pszLowerCorner && pszUpperCorner) {
        tokens = msStringSplit(pszLowerCorner, ' ', &n);
        if (tokens && n >= 2) {
          psBbox->minx = atof(tokens[0]);
          psBbox->miny = atof(tokens[1]);

          msFreeCharArray(tokens, n);

          tokens = msStringSplit(pszUpperCorner, ' ', &n);
          if (tokens && n >= 2) {
            psBbox->maxx = atof(tokens[0]);
            psBbox->maxy = atof(tokens[1]);
            bValid = 1;
          }
        }
        msFreeCharArray(tokens, n);
      }
    }
  }

  return bValid;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                        FLTNeedSRSSwapping                            */
/************************************************************************/

static int FLTNeedSRSSwapping(mapObj *map, const char *pszSRS) {
  int bNeedSwapping = MS_FALSE;
  projectionObj sProjTmp;
  msInitProjection(&sProjTmp);
  if (map) {
    msProjectionInheritContextFrom(&sProjTmp, &map->projection);
  }
  if (msLoadProjectionStringEPSG(&sProjTmp, pszSRS) == 0) {
    bNeedSwapping = msIsAxisInvertedProj(&sProjTmp);
  }
  msFreeProjection(&sProjTmp);
  return bNeedSwapping;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                      FLTDoAxisSwappingIfNecessary                    */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Explore all geometries and BBOX to do axis swapping when the    */
/*      SRS requires it. If no explicit SRS is attached to the geometry */
/*      the bDefaultSRSNeedsAxisSwapping is taken into account. The     */
/*      caller will have to determine its value from a more general     */
/*      context.                                                        */
/************************************************************************/
void FLTDoAxisSwappingIfNecessary(mapObj *map, FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode,
                                  int bDefaultSRSNeedsAxisSwapping) {
  if (psFilterNode == NULL)
    return;

  if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_SPATIAL &&
      psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_BBOX) {
    rectObj *rect = (rectObj *)psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther;
    const char *pszSRS = psFilterNode->pszSRS;
    if ((pszSRS != NULL && FLTNeedSRSSwapping(map, pszSRS)) ||
        (pszSRS == NULL && bDefaultSRSNeedsAxisSwapping)) {
      double tmp;

      tmp = rect->minx;
      rect->minx = rect->miny;
      rect->miny = tmp;

      tmp = rect->maxx;
      rect->maxx = rect->maxy;
      rect->maxy = tmp;
    }
  } else if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_SPATIAL &&
             FLTIsGeometryFilterNodeType(psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType)) {
    shapeObj *shape = (shapeObj *)(psFilterNode->psRightNode->pOther);
    const char *pszSRS = psFilterNode->pszSRS;
    if ((pszSRS != NULL && FLTNeedSRSSwapping(map, pszSRS)) ||
        (pszSRS == NULL && bDefaultSRSNeedsAxisSwapping)) {
      msAxisSwapShape(shape);
    }
  } else {
    FLTDoAxisSwappingIfNecessary(map, psFilterNode->psLeftNode,
                                 bDefaultSRSNeedsAxisSwapping);
    FLTDoAxisSwappingIfNecessary(map, psFilterNode->psRightNode,
                                 bDefaultSRSNeedsAxisSwapping);
  }
}

static void FLTReplacePropertyName(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode,
                                   const char *pszOldName,
                                   const char *pszNewName) {
  if (psFilterNode && pszOldName && pszNewName) {
    if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME) {
      if (psFilterNode->pszValue &&
          strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, pszOldName) == 0) {
        msFree(psFilterNode->pszValue);
        psFilterNode->pszValue = msStrdup(pszNewName);
      }
    }
    if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode)
      FLTReplacePropertyName(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, pszOldName, pszNewName);
    if (psFilterNode->psRightNode)
      FLTReplacePropertyName(psFilterNode->psRightNode, pszOldName, pszNewName);
  }
}

static int FLTIsGMLDefaultProperty(const char *pszName) {
  return (strcmp(pszName, "gml:name") == 0 ||
          strcmp(pszName, "gml:description") == 0 ||
          strcmp(pszName, "gml:descriptionReference") == 0 ||
          strcmp(pszName, "gml:identifier") == 0 ||
          strcmp(pszName, "gml:boundedBy") == 0 ||
          strcmp(pszName, "@gml:id") == 0);
}

static void
FLTStripNameSpacesFromPropertyName(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode) {
  char **tokens = NULL;
  int n = 0;

  if (psFilterNode) {

    if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_COMPARISON &&
        psFilterNode->psLeftNode != NULL &&
        psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME &&
        FLTIsGMLDefaultProperty(psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue)) {
      return;
    }

    if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME) {
      if (psFilterNode->pszValue && strstr(psFilterNode->pszValue, ":")) {
        tokens = msStringSplit(psFilterNode->pszValue, ':', &n);
        if (tokens && n == 2) {
          msFree(psFilterNode->pszValue);
          psFilterNode->pszValue = msStrdup(tokens[1]);
        }
        msFreeCharArray(tokens, n);
      }
    }
    if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode)
      FLTStripNameSpacesFromPropertyName(psFilterNode->psLeftNode);
    if (psFilterNode->psRightNode)
      FLTStripNameSpacesFromPropertyName(psFilterNode->psRightNode);
  }
}

static void FLTRemoveGroupName(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode,
                               gmlGroupListObj *groupList) {
  int i;

  if (psFilterNode) {

    if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME) {
      if (psFilterNode->pszValue != NULL) {
        const char *pszPropertyName = psFilterNode->pszValue;
        const char *pszSlash = strchr(pszPropertyName, '/');
        if (pszSlash != NULL) {
          const char *pszColon = strchr(pszPropertyName, ':');
          if (pszColon != NULL && pszColon < pszSlash)
            pszPropertyName = pszColon + 1;
          for (i = 0; i < groupList->numgroups; i++) {
            const char *pszGroupName = groupList->groups[i].name;
            size_t nGroupNameLen = strlen(pszGroupName);
            if (strncasecmp(pszPropertyName, pszGroupName, nGroupNameLen) ==
                    0 &&
                pszPropertyName[nGroupNameLen] == '/') {
              char *pszTmp;
              pszPropertyName = pszPropertyName + nGroupNameLen + 1;
              pszColon = strchr(pszPropertyName, ':');
              if (pszColon != NULL)
                pszPropertyName = pszColon + 1;
              pszTmp = msStrdup(pszPropertyName);
              msFree(psFilterNode->pszValue);
              psFilterNode->pszValue = pszTmp;
              break;
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

    if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode)
      FLTRemoveGroupName(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, groupList);
    if (psFilterNode->psRightNode)
      FLTRemoveGroupName(psFilterNode->psRightNode, groupList);
  }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                    FLTPreParseFilterForAliasAndGroup                 */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Utility function to replace aliased' and grouped attributes     */
/*      with their internal name.                                       */
/************************************************************************/
void FLTPreParseFilterForAliasAndGroup(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode,
                                       mapObj *map, int i,
                                       const char *namespaces) {
#if defined(USE_WMS_SVR) || defined(USE_WFS_SVR) || defined(USE_WCS_SVR) ||    \
    defined(USE_SOS_SVR)
  if (psFilterNode && map && i >= 0 && i < map->numlayers) {
    /*strip name spaces before hand*/
    FLTStripNameSpacesFromPropertyName(psFilterNode);

    layerObj *lp = GET_LAYER(map, i);
    int layerWasOpened = msLayerIsOpen(lp);
    if (msLayerOpen(lp) == MS_SUCCESS && msLayerGetItems(lp) == MS_SUCCESS) {

      /* Remove group names from property names if using groupname/itemname
       * syntax */
      gmlGroupListObj *groupList = msGMLGetGroups(lp, namespaces);
      if (groupList && groupList->numgroups > 0)
        FLTRemoveGroupName(psFilterNode, groupList);
      msGMLFreeGroups(groupList);

      for (i = 0; i < lp->numitems; i++) {
        if (!lp->items[i] || strlen(lp->items[i]) <= 0)
          continue;
        char szTmp[256];
        snprintf(szTmp, sizeof(szTmp), "%s_alias", lp->items[i]);
        const char *pszFullName =
            msOWSLookupMetadata(&(lp->metadata), namespaces, szTmp);
        if (pszFullName) {
          FLTReplacePropertyName(psFilterNode, pszFullName, lp->items[i]);
        }
      }
      if (!layerWasOpened) /* do not close the layer if it has been opened
                              somewhere else (paging?) */
        msLayerClose(lp);
    }
  }
#else
  msSetError(MS_MISCERR, "OWS support is not available.",
             "FLTPreParseFilterForAlias()");

#endif
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                        FLTCheckFeatureIdFilters                      */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Check that FeatureId filters match features in the active       */
/*      layer.                                                          */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTCheckFeatureIdFilters(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode, mapObj *map,
                             int i) {
  int status = MS_SUCCESS;

  if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_FEATUREID) {
    char **tokens;
    int nTokens = 0;
    layerObj *lp;
    int j;

    lp = GET_LAYER(map, i);
    tokens = msStringSplit(psFilterNode->pszValue, ',', &nTokens);
    for (j = 0; j < nTokens; j++) {
      const char *pszId = tokens[j];
      const char *pszDot = strrchr(pszId, '.');
      if (pszDot) {
        if (static_cast<size_t>(pszDot - pszId) != strlen(lp->name) ||
            strncasecmp(pszId, lp->name, strlen(lp->name)) != 0) {
          msSetError(MS_MISCERR,
                     "Feature id %s not consistent with feature type name %s.",
                     "FLTPreParseFilterForAlias()", pszId, lp->name);
          status = MS_FAILURE;
          break;
        }
      }
    }
    msFreeCharArray(tokens, nTokens);
  }

  if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode) {
    status = FLTCheckFeatureIdFilters(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, map, i);
    if (status == MS_SUCCESS) {
      if (psFilterNode->psRightNode)
        status = FLTCheckFeatureIdFilters(psFilterNode->psRightNode, map, i);
    }
  }
  return status;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                        FLTCheckInvalidOperand                        */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Check that the operand of a comparison operator is valid        */
/*      Currently only detects use of boundedBy in a binary comparison  */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTCheckInvalidOperand(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode) {
  int status = MS_SUCCESS;

  if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_COMPARISON &&
      psFilterNode->psLeftNode != NULL &&
      psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME) {
    if (strcmp(psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue, "gml:boundedBy") == 0 &&
        strcmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsNull") != 0 &&
        strcmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsNil") != 0) {
      msSetError(MS_MISCERR, "Operand '%s' is invalid in comparison.",
                 "FLTCheckInvalidOperand()",
                 psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue);
      return MS_FAILURE;
    }
  }
  if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode) {
    status = FLTCheckInvalidOperand(psFilterNode->psLeftNode);
    if (status == MS_SUCCESS) {
      if (psFilterNode->psRightNode)
        status = FLTCheckInvalidOperand(psFilterNode->psRightNode);
    }
  }
  return status;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                       FLTProcessPropertyIsNull                       */
/*                                                                      */
/*      HACK for PropertyIsNull processing. PostGIS & Spatialite only   */
/*      for now.                                                        */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTProcessPropertyIsNull(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode, mapObj *map,
                             int i) {
  int status = MS_SUCCESS;

  if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_COMPARISON &&
      psFilterNode->psLeftNode != NULL &&
      psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME &&
      strcmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsNull") == 0 &&
      !FLTIsGMLDefaultProperty(psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue)) {
    layerObj *lp;
    int layerWasOpened;

    lp = GET_LAYER(map, i);
    layerWasOpened = msLayerIsOpen(lp);

    /* Horrible HACK to compensate for the lack of null testing in MapServer */
    if ((lp->connectiontype == MS_POSTGIS ||
         (lp->connectiontype == MS_OGR && msOGRSupportsIsNull(lp))) &&
        strcmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsNull") == 0) {
      msFree(psFilterNode->pszValue);
      psFilterNode->pszValue = msStrdup("PropertyIsEqualTo");
      psFilterNode->psRightNode = FLTCreateBinaryCompFilterEncodingNode();
      psFilterNode->psRightNode->eType = FILTER_NODE_TYPE_LITERAL;
      psFilterNode->psRightNode->pszValue = msStrdup("_MAPSERVER_NULL_");
    }

    if (!layerWasOpened) /* do not close the layer if it has been opened
                            somewhere else (paging?) */
      msLayerClose(lp);
  }

  if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode) {
    status = FLTProcessPropertyIsNull(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, map, i);
    if (status == MS_SUCCESS) {
      if (psFilterNode->psRightNode)
        status = FLTProcessPropertyIsNull(psFilterNode->psRightNode, map, i);
    }
  }
  return status;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                        FLTCheckInvalidProperty                       */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Check that property names are known                             */
/************************************************************************/
int FLTCheckInvalidProperty(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode, mapObj *map,
                            int i) {
  int status = MS_SUCCESS;

  if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_COMPARISON &&
      psFilterNode->psLeftNode != NULL &&
      psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME) {
    layerObj *lp;
    int layerWasOpened;
    int bFound = MS_FALSE;

    if ((strcmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsNull") == 0 ||
         strcmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsNil") == 0) &&
        FLTIsGMLDefaultProperty(psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue)) {
      return MS_SUCCESS;
    }

    lp = GET_LAYER(map, i);
    layerWasOpened = msLayerIsOpen(lp);
    if ((layerWasOpened || msLayerOpen(lp) == MS_SUCCESS) &&
        msLayerGetItems(lp) == MS_SUCCESS) {
      int i;
      gmlItemListObj *items = msGMLGetItems(lp, "G");
      for (i = 0; i < items->numitems; i++) {
        if (!items->items[i].name || strlen(items->items[i].name) == 0 ||
            !items->items[i].visible)
          continue;
        if (strcasecmp(items->items[i].name,
                       psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue) == 0) {
          bFound = MS_TRUE;
          break;
        }
      }
      msGMLFreeItems(items);
    }

    if (!layerWasOpened) /* do not close the layer if it has been opened
                            somewhere else (paging?) */
      msLayerClose(lp);

    if (!bFound) {
      msSetError(MS_MISCERR, "Property '%s' is unknown.",
                 "FLTCheckInvalidProperty()",
                 psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue);
      return MS_FAILURE;
    }
  }

  if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode) {
    status = FLTCheckInvalidProperty(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, map, i);
    if (status == MS_SUCCESS) {
      if (psFilterNode->psRightNode)
        status = FLTCheckInvalidProperty(psFilterNode->psRightNode, map, i);
    }
  }
  return status;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           FLTSimplify                                */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Simplify the expression by removing parts that evaluate to      */
/*      constants.                                                      */
/*      The passed psFilterNode is potentially consumed by the function */
/*      and replaced by the returned value.                             */
/*      If the function returns NULL, *pnEvaluation = MS_FALSE means    */
/*      that  the filter evaluates to FALSE, or MS_TRUE that it         */
/*      evaluates to TRUE                                               */
/************************************************************************/
FilterEncodingNode *FLTSimplify(FilterEncodingNode *psFilterNode,
                                int *pnEvaluation) {
  *pnEvaluation = -1;

  /* There are no nullable or nillable property in WFS currently */
  /* except gml:name or gml:description that are null */
  if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_COMPARISON &&
      (strcmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsNull") == 0 ||
       strcmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsNil") == 0) &&
      psFilterNode->psLeftNode != NULL &&
      psFilterNode->psLeftNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_PROPERTYNAME) {
    if (strcmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "PropertyIsNull") == 0 &&
        FLTIsGMLDefaultProperty(psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue) &&
        strcmp(psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue, "@gml:id") != 0 &&
        strcmp(psFilterNode->psLeftNode->pszValue, "gml:boundedBy") != 0)
      *pnEvaluation = MS_TRUE;
    else
      *pnEvaluation = MS_FALSE;
    FLTFreeFilterEncodingNode(psFilterNode);
    return NULL;
  }

  if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_LOGICAL &&
      strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "NOT") == 0 &&
      psFilterNode->psLeftNode != NULL) {
    int nEvaluation;
    psFilterNode->psLeftNode =
        FLTSimplify(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, &nEvaluation);
    if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode == NULL) {
      *pnEvaluation = 1 - nEvaluation;
      FLTFreeFilterEncodingNode(psFilterNode);
      return NULL;
    }
  }

  if (psFilterNode->eType == FILTER_NODE_TYPE_LOGICAL &&
      (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "AND") == 0 ||
       strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "OR") == 0) &&
      psFilterNode->psLeftNode != NULL && psFilterNode->psRightNode != NULL) {
    FilterEncodingNode *psOtherNode;
    int nEvaluation;
    int nExpectedValForFastExit;
    psFilterNode->psLeftNode =
        FLTSimplify(psFilterNode->psLeftNode, &nEvaluation);

    if (strcasecmp(psFilterNode->pszValue, "AND") == 0)
      nExpectedValForFastExit = MS_FALSE;
    else
      nExpectedValForFastExit = MS_TRUE;

    if (psFilterNode->psLeftNode == NULL) {
      if (nEvaluation == nExpectedValForFastExit) {
        *pnEvaluation = nEvaluation;
        FLTFreeFilterEncodingNode(psFilterNode);
        return NULL;
      }
      psOtherNode = psFilterNode->psRightNode;
      psFilterNode->psRightNode = NULL;
      FLTFreeFilterEncodingNode(psFilterNode);
      return FLTSimplify(psOtherNode, pnEvaluation);
    }

    psFilterNode->psRightNode =
        FLTSimplify(psFilterNode->psRightNode, &nEvaluation);
    if (psFilterNode->psRightNode == NULL) {
      if (nEvaluation == nExpectedValForFastExit) {
        *pnEvaluation = nEvaluation;
        FLTFreeFilterEncodingNode(psFilterNode);
        return NULL;
      }
      psOtherNode = psFilterNode->psLeftNode;
      psFilterNode->psLeftNode = NULL;
      FLTFreeFilterEncodingNode(psFilterNode);
      return FLTSimplify(psOtherNode, pnEvaluation);
    }
  }

  return psFilterNode;
}

#ifdef USE_LIBXML2

xmlNodePtr FLTGetCapabilities(xmlNsPtr psNsParent, xmlNsPtr psNsOgc,
                              int bTemporal) {
  xmlNodePtr psRootNode = NULL, psNode = NULL, psSubNode = NULL,
             psSubSubNode = NULL;

  psRootNode = xmlNewNode(psNsParent, BAD_CAST "Filter_Capabilities");

  psNode =
      xmlNewChild(psRootNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "Spatial_Capabilities", NULL);

  psSubNode = xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "GeometryOperands", NULL);
  xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "GeometryOperand",
              BAD_CAST "gml:Point");
  xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "GeometryOperand",
              BAD_CAST "gml:LineString");
  xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "GeometryOperand",
              BAD_CAST "gml:Polygon");
  xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "GeometryOperand",
              BAD_CAST "gml:Envelope");

  psSubNode = xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "SpatialOperators", NULL);
#ifdef USE_GEOS
  psSubSubNode =
      xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "SpatialOperator", NULL);
  xmlNewProp(psSubSubNode, BAD_CAST "name", BAD_CAST "Equals");
  psSubSubNode =
      xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "SpatialOperator", NULL);
  xmlNewProp(psSubSubNode, BAD_CAST "name", BAD_CAST "Disjoint");
  psSubSubNode =
      xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "SpatialOperator", NULL);
  xmlNewProp(psSubSubNode, BAD_CAST "name", BAD_CAST "Touches");
  psSubSubNode =
      xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "SpatialOperator", NULL);
  xmlNewProp(psSubSubNode, BAD_CAST "name", BAD_CAST "Within");
  psSubSubNode =
      xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "SpatialOperator", NULL);
  xmlNewProp(psSubSubNode, BAD_CAST "name", BAD_CAST "Overlaps");
  psSubSubNode =
      xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "SpatialOperator", NULL);
  xmlNewProp(psSubSubNode, BAD_CAST "name", BAD_CAST "Crosses");
  psSubSubNode =
      xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "SpatialOperator", NULL);
  xmlNewProp(psSubSubNode, BAD_CAST "name", BAD_CAST "Intersects");
  psSubSubNode =
      xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "SpatialOperator", NULL);
  xmlNewProp(psSubSubNode, BAD_CAST "name", BAD_CAST "Contains");
  psSubSubNode =
      xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "SpatialOperator", NULL);
  xmlNewProp(psSubSubNode, BAD_CAST "name", BAD_CAST "DWithin");
  psSubSubNode =
      xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "SpatialOperator", NULL);
  xmlNewProp(psSubSubNode, BAD_CAST "name", BAD_CAST "Beyond");
#endif
  psSubSubNode =
      xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "SpatialOperator", NULL);
  xmlNewProp(psSubSubNode, BAD_CAST "name", BAD_CAST "BBOX");

  if (bTemporal) {
    psNode = xmlNewChild(psRootNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "Temporal_Capabilities",
                         NULL);
    psSubNode = xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "TemporalOperands", NULL);
    xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "TemporalOperand",
                BAD_CAST "gml:TimePeriod");
    xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "TemporalOperand",
                BAD_CAST "gml:TimeInstant");

    psSubNode =
        xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "TemporalOperators", NULL);
    psSubSubNode =
        xmlNewChild(psSubNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "TemporalOperator", NULL);
    xmlNewProp(psSubSubNode, BAD_CAST "name", BAD_CAST "TM_Equals");
  }
  psNode =
      xmlNewChild(psRootNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "Scalar_Capabilities", NULL);
  xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "LogicalOperators", NULL);
  psNode = xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "ComparisonOperators", NULL);
  xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "ComparisonOperator",
              BAD_CAST "LessThan");
  xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "ComparisonOperator",
              BAD_CAST "GreaterThan");
  xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "ComparisonOperator",
              BAD_CAST "LessThanEqualTo");
  xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "ComparisonOperator",
              BAD_CAST "GreaterThanEqualTo");
  xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "ComparisonOperator",
              BAD_CAST "EqualTo");
  xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "ComparisonOperator",
              BAD_CAST "NotEqualTo");
  xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "ComparisonOperator", BAD_CAST "Like");
  xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "ComparisonOperator",
              BAD_CAST "Between");

  psNode = xmlNewChild(psRootNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "Id_Capabilities", NULL);
  xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "EID", NULL);
  xmlNewChild(psNode, psNsOgc, BAD_CAST "FID", NULL);
  return psRootNode;
}
#endif
